Red Cross Society of the Republic of China
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| Founded | March 10, 1904 |
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| Founder | Shen Dunhe |
| Type | Aid agency |
| Focus | Assisting refugees in times of conflict and victims of disaster |
| Location | |
| Origins | Shanghai |
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Area served
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Taiwan, Pescadores, Kinmen, and Matsu |
| Product | Humanitarian aid |
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Key people
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President |
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Revenue
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1,509,510,000 New Taiwan dollars (at December 2008) |
| Endowment | Public and private donations. |
| Website | www |
| Red Cross Society of the Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zhōnghuá Mínguó Hóngshízìhuì |
| Wade–Giles | Chung-hua Min-kuo Hung-shih-tzu-hui |
| Tongyong Pinyin | Jhōnghuá Mínguó Hóngshíhzìhhuèi |
| IPA | [ʈʂʊ́ŋxwǎ mǐnkwǒ xʊ̌ŋʂɻ̩̌tsɹ̩̂xwêi] |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok Âng-si̍p-jī-hōe |
The Red Cross Society of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國紅十字會) is the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The society is not recognized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) because it does not meet all the conditions set out in the Statues of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and it is not a member of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. From its founding in 1904, to 1949, when the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan, the society shared its history with the Red Cross Society of China. Both societies associate their origins with the founder, Shen Dunhe, a tea merchant.
On 3 March 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, Shen Dunhe created the "Manchuria Red Cross Benevolent Society" and on 10 March 1904, the society was renamed the "Shanghai International Red Cross Committee". Its founders were Chinese business and political leaders and expatriates from the West. Shen chose the aegis of the Red Cross because its neutrality allowed aid to reach those Chinese civilians caught between Japanese and Russian forces in Manchuria.
After the Russo-Japanese War, the society expanded and its mission to aid those affected by war and disaster continued. The society opened Red Cross hospitals in Shanghai and other cities. Local Red Cross chapters were popular because the association represented international connections, modernity and its activities were seen as patriotic. For example, the society sent workers to San Francisco after the 1906 earthquake and workers, medicines and funds were sent to Japan after the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. In 1920, there were over 300 Red Cross chapters in China.
In 1912, the ICRC recognised the national society of the then Republic of China. In 1919, the society joined the International Federation as one of its first members. In the 1920s, 30s and 40s, the society held ties with American and British Red Cross, the Kuomintang government and the Shanghai business community. In 1933, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Act of Administrative Rules and Procedures of the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China (中華民國紅十字會管理條例施行細則) was passed. The society was renamed the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China. The society's activities during the war time period (1937 - 1945) were limited to Kuomintang held areas in southwest China and to some areas under Japanese control. Supplies were received through Burma and India from the United States and the United Kingdom. Expatriate Chinese also raised funds.
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Wikipedia