Punti
| Punti | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 本地 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Běndì |
| Wade–Giles | Pen3-ti4 |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Bun3ti4 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | bún deih |
| IPA | [pǔːn tèi] |
| Jyutping | bun2 dei6 |
The Punti, a rough transliteration of a Cantonese term for "original locality," refers to the Yue-speaking populations of Guangdong in southern China. A group of people who speak Punti language can be regarded as Punti people. They are contrasted with another Han Chinese linguistic group, the Hakka, which settled in the area after the Punti peoples.
It is both documented and generally viewed to various extent that mass exodus of largely the people of Han Chinese ethnicity migrated from north to south of the Yangtze River during the war and upheavals of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Jurchen-Khitan Wars, the fall of the Northern Song dynasty, the Mongol conquest of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty and finally the Southern Song Dynasty pushed generations of refugees into the area including the descendants of the Chinese patriotic leader Wen Tianxiang. The "Great Five Clans" – the Hau (侯), Tang (鄧), Pang (彭), Liu (廖), and Man (文) – were among the earliest recorded familial settlers of Hong Kong. Despite the immigration and light development of agriculture, the area was still relatively barren and had to rely on salt, pearl and fishery trades.
From 1854 to 1867 there were a series of battles between the Punti and Hakka peoples, concentrated mainly in the County of Xinning (present day the City of Taishan).
Punti has become a commonly used word in Hong Kong law courts and other authorities such as the police; it is a transliteration of Cantonese 'Boon Dei' meaning 'local'. When a defendant chooses to use Punti in court, he elects to use Cantonese Chinese as the language of trial instead of English. Despite the reference of "Punti" in this context means nothing more than "Cantonese Chinese" as a spoken language and the Hong Kong variation of the language, there are political and practical reasons of not using direct reference to the word "Cantonese Chinese".
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Wikipedia