Province of Venezia
| Province of Venice | |
|---|---|
| Province | |
Venice
|
|
 Map highlighting the location of the former province of Venice in Italy |
|
| Country |
 Italy
|
| Region | Veneto |
| Capital(s) | Venice |
| Comuni | 44 |
| Government | |
| • President | Francesca Zaccariotto (LN) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,467 km2 (953 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 846,962 |
| • Density | 340/km2 (890/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 30010, 30014-30016, 30020-30039 |
| Telephone prefix | 041, 049, 0421, 0422, 0426, 0431 |
| Vehicle registration | VE |
| ISTAT | 027 |
The Province of Venice (Provincia di Venezia) was a province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Its capital is the city of Venice. It had an area of 2,467 km², and a total population of 846,962 (2011). The province became the Metropolitan City of Venice in 2015.
The area was settled by 11th century BC. According to legend, Antenor fled from Troy, leading the people of Eneti from Paphlagonia to inhabit the shores of the Adriatic. In 102 B.C., The Romans defeated the Cimbri and the Germanic tribes in the area, thus increasing their influence in the region to form the Regio X Venetia et Histria. The exact date when Venice was established in unknown, but about 570 refugees from the hinterland, especially from Aquileia, fled to the islands of the Venetian Lagoon in order to escape the frequent barbaric invasions. At that time, the territory of the province was part of the Byzantine Empire, belonging to the Exarchate of Ravenna. Over the centuries, Venice became more independent and in 697 it had its first Doge. With the destruction of Eracliana in 805, the capital was moved to Rialto (Venice).
In the Middle Ages, Venice became an important maritime republic, completely independent from Byzantium, and began its expansion into the hinterland. In 1260, the Ezzelini family were defeated. Threatened by the expansionist ambitions of the Visconti of Milan, in 1365, Venice began to invade neighbouring territories. By 1410, the Regio X Venetia et Histria had annexed Padua and Verona, and by the 16th century the republic included territories from the Julian Alps to Crema, Istria, Dalmatia, Cyprus and part of the Peloponnese. In 1797, Napoleon invaded the Republic and, following the Treaty of Campo Formio, it was ceded to Austria. After the final defeat of Napoleon, the Austrian Empire founded a province of Venice on the Adriatic.
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