Province of St Andrews and Edinburgh

The Catholic dioceses in Great Britain are organised by two separate hierarchies: the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, and the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland. Within Great Britain, the Roman Catholic Church of England and Wales has five provinces, subdivided into 22 dioceses, and the Roman Catholic Church of Scotland has two provinces, subdivided into 8 dioceses. The Roman Catholic dioceses in Northern Ireland are organised together with those in the Republic of Ireland, as the Church in Ireland was not divided when civil authority in Ireland was partitioned in the 1920s.

A diocese, also known as a bishopric, is an administrative unit under the supervision of a bishop. The Diocese of Westminster is considered the mother church of English and Welsh Catholics, and although not formally a primate, the archbishop of Westminster is usually elected President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales providing a degree of a formal direction for the other English bishops and archbishops.

From the time of the English Reformation in the 16th century, with Catholicism becoming illegal, there were no Roman Catholic dioceses in England and Wales, with several apostolic vicars, bishops of titular sees governing not in their own name, as diocesan bishops do, but provisionally in the name of the Pope, being appointed instead. However, with the passing of the Catholic Relief Act 1829, legalising the practice of the Catholic faith again, Pope Pius IX recreated the Catholic Church diocesan hierarchy on 29 September 1850 by issuing the papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae. The Hierarchy in Scotland was restored in 1878.

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