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President of the PRC

President of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国主席
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China.svg
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
Xi Jinping Sept. 19, 2012.jpg
Incumbent
Xi Jinping

since 14 March 2013
Style Mr. President (主席)
Type nominal figurehead
Status Head of State
Residence Zhongnanhai (informal)
Seat Beijing
Nominator the Presidium of the National People's Congress
Appointer the National People's Congress
Term length Five Years, renewable
once consecutively
Constituting instrument Constitution of the People's Republic of China
Inaugural holder Mao Zedong
as the first President under
the 1954 Constitution

Li Xiannian
as the first President under
the 1982 Constitution
Formation 27 September 1954
18 June 1983
Abolished January 1975 - December 1982
Deputy Vice President
Website Presidency
President of the People's Republic of China
Simplified Chinese 中华人民共和国主席
Traditional Chinese 中華人民共和國主席
Literal meaning Chinese People Republic Chairperson
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese 国家主席
Traditional Chinese 國家主席
Literal meaning State Chairperson

The President of the People's Republic of China is the head of state of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the constitution, the presidency is a largely ceremonial office with limited powers. However, since 1993, as a matter of convention, the presidency has been held simultaneously by the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China. The office is officially regarded as an institution of the state rather than an administrative post; theoretically, the President serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress, the legislature, and is not legally vested to take executive action on its own prerogative. The current President is Xi Jinping, who took office in March 2013.

Since 1993, apart from brief periods of transition, the top leader of China simultaneously serves as the President, the head of the party, and the commander-in-chief of the military (as Chairman of the Central Military Commission). This individual then carries out different duties under separate titles. For example, the leader meets foreign dignitaries and receives ambassadors in his capacity as President, issues military directives as Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and upholds party rule through the office of General Secretary.

The office was first established in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China in 1954 and successively held by Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi. Liu fell into political disgrace during the Cultural Revolution, after which the office became vacant. The office was abolished under the Constitution of 1975, then reinstated in the Constitution of 1982, but with reduced powers. The official English-language translation of the title was "Chairman"; after 1982, this translation was changed to "President", although the Chinese title remains unchanged.

The President is limited to serve up to two terms of five years each.


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