Portuguese Macao
| Macau | ||||||||||
| 澳門 | ||||||||||
| Portuguese colony | ||||||||||
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Anthem "Hymno Patriótico" (1808–26) Patriotic Anthem "Hino da Carta" (1826–1911) Hymn of the Charter "A Portuguesa" (1911–99) The Portuguese |
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| Capital | Macau | |||||||||
| Languages | ||||||||||
| Political structure | Colony | |||||||||
| Head of state | ||||||||||
| • | 1557 | King John III (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1996–99 | President Jorge Sampaio (last) | ||||||||
| Governor | ||||||||||
| • | 1557–58 | Francisco Martins (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1991–99 | Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira (last) | ||||||||
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly | |||||||||
| Historical era | First wave of European colonization | |||||||||
| • | Permanent Portuguese settlement established | 1557 | ||||||||
| • | Colony proclaimed | 1847 | ||||||||
| • | Treaty of Peking | December 1, 1887 | ||||||||
| • | Joint Declaration | April 13, 1987 | ||||||||
| • | Transferred to China | December 20, 1999 | ||||||||
| Currency | Macanese pataca (from 1894) | |||||||||
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Portuguese Macau was the period of Macau as a Portuguese colony and later, an overseas province under Portuguese administration from 1557 to 1999. Macau was both the first and last European colony in China.
Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 16th century. In 1557 Macau was rented to Portugal by the Chinese empire as a trading port. The Portuguese administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony of the Portuguese Empire. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999.
The Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and the Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.
Portuguese Macau around 1665
A 1912 map of Macau
Portas do Cerco in 1890
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Wikipedia