Porta Tiburtina

Porta Tiburtina or Porta San Lorenzo is a gate in the Aurelian Walls of Rome, Italy, through which the Via Tiburtina exits the city.

The gate originally was an arch, built under Augustus, in the point in which three aqueducts (Aqua Marcia, Aqua Julia and Aqua Tepula) passed over the Via Tiburtina. The arch was restored by Emperors Titus and Caracalla.

The arch of Augustus was incorporated in the Aurelian Walls by Emperor Aurelian. At the time of Honorius' restoration, in the 5th century, a second, external opening was built, with five small openings that enlightened the room where the gate was operated.

With time, the gate changed its name into Porta San Lorenzo, because of the presence of the close by basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura. Common people, however, called it Capo de' Bove or Porta Taurina, since the arch of Augustus was decorated with bull skulls.

The gate is the witness of the victory obtained in the evening of 20 November 1347 by the Roman popular leader Cola di Rienzo against the city's barons forces, in which the latter's leader Stefano Colonna was killed.

Next to the gate, there is the church of Santa Bibiana.

The arch of Augustus bears three inscriptions. On the top, on the Aqua Julia, a 5 BC inscription that reads:

In the middle, the Aqua Tepula bears a legend dating to Emperor Caracalla restoration, in 212:

...
Wikipedia