Pietro Gasparri
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His Eminence Pietro Gasparri |
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|---|---|
| Cardinal Secretary of State | |
Pietro Gasparri
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| Installed | 13 October 1914 |
| Term ended | 7 February 1930 |
| Predecessor | Domenico Ferrata |
| Successor | Eugenio Pacelli |
| Other posts | Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina (1915–1934) |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 31 March 1877 |
| Consecration | 6 March 1898 by François-Marie-Benjamin Richard |
| Created Cardinal | 16 December 1907 by Pope Pius X |
| Rank | Cardinal-Priest |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Pietro Gasparri |
| Born |
5 May 1852 Ussita, .svg){kind=small} Papal States
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| Died | 18 November 1934 (aged 82) Rome,  Kingdom of Italy
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| Buried | Ussita |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Denomination | Catholicism |
| Parents | Bernardino Gasparri and Giovanna Sili |
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Pietro Gasparri (5 May 1852 – 18 November 1934) was a Roman Catholic cardinal, diplomat and politician in the Roman Curia and the signatory of the Lateran Pacts. He served also as the Cardinal Secretary of State under Pope Benedict XV and Pope Pius XI.
Born in Capovallazza di Ussita (in the modern province of Macerata, then part of the Papal States) as the youngest child of a family of shepherds. His parents were Bernardino Gasparri and Giovanna Sili, who had eight other children. He served as the Apostolic delegate to Peru from 1898 to 1901, when he became a member of the Curia and returned to Rome. He was called to Rome in 1904 to take the post of Secretary for the Commission for the Codification of Canon Law, in which he spent the next 13 years in seclusion, digesting volumes of decrees and studies compiled over centuries to create the first definitive legal text in the history of Catholicism.
He was made a Cardinal-Priest of S. Bernardo alle Terme in 1907, and served as the Cardinal Secretary of State from 1914 to 1930, when he retired to be succeeded by Eugenio Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII. In January 1915 he opted to become Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina, however, he retained in commendam his former title until December 1915. From 1916 until his death he was Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church, and Cardinal Pacelli also succeeded him in that position. He played a significant role in the codification of canon law, heading the effort that produced the Code of Canon Law of 1917. Beginning in 1929, he also played a significant early role in the codification of Eastern Catholic canon law.
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