Pentanal
 |
|
 |
|
| Names | |
|---|---|
|
IUPAC name
Pentanal
|
|
| Other names
Pentanaldehyde
Valeraldehyde Valeric aldehyde |
|
| Identifiers | |
|
3D model (Jmol)
|
|
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.442 |
|
PubChem CID
|
|
| UNII | |
|
|
|
|
| Properties | |
| C5H10O | |
| Molar mass | 86.13 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Clear liquid |
| Odor | Strong, acrid, pungent |
| Density | 0.8095 at 20 °C |
| Melting point | −60 °C (−76 °F; 213 K) |
| Boiling point | 102 to 103 °C (216 to 217 °F; 375 to 376 K) |
| Very slightly soluble | |
| Vapor pressure | 26 mmHg (20° C) |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | 12 °C; 54 °F; 285 K |
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |
|
PEL (Permissible)
|
none |
|
REL (Recommended)
|
TWA 50 ppm (175 mg/m3) |
|
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
N.D. |
| Related compounds | |
|
Related aldehydes
|
Butyraldehyde |
|
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
|
 (what is   ?) |
|
| Infobox references | |
Pentanal, also called pentanaldehyde or valeraldehyde, is an alkyl aldehyde, molecular formula C5H10O. It is used in flavorings, resin chemistry, and rubber accelerators.
Pentanal is obtained by hydroformylation of butene. Also C4 mixtures can be used as starting material like the so-called raffinate II, which is produced by steam cracking and contains (Z)- and (E)-2-butene, 1-butene, butane and isobutane. The conversion to the product is accomplished with synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a rhodium-bisphosphite complex and a sterically hindered secondary amine with a selectivity toward pentanal of at least 90%.
Pentanal is used in different flavors (e. g. fruit flavors) and as a vulcanization accelerator.
2-Propyl-2-heptenal is obtained from pentanal by aldol condensation, which is hydrogenated to the saturated branched 2-propylheptanol. This alcohol serves as a starting material for the PVC plasticizer di-2-propylheptyl phthalate (DPHP).
...
Wikipedia