Patikulamanasikara
| Translations of Patikulamanasikara |
|
|---|---|
| Pali | Paṭikkūlamanasikāra |
| Chinese |
不淨觀 (Pinyin: Bù jìng guān) |
| Japanese |
不浄観 (rōmaji: Fujōkan) |
| Sinhala |
පටික්කූලමනසිකාරය, පිළිකුල් භාවනාව (Patikulamanasikaraya, Pilikul Bhavanava) |
| Glossary of Buddhism | |
Paṭikkūlamanasikāra (variant: paṭikūlamanasikāra) is a Pāli term that is generally translated as "reflections on repulsiveness". It refers to a traditional Buddhist meditation whereby thirty-one parts of the body are contemplated in a variety of ways. In addition to developing sati (mindfulness) and samādhi (concentration), this form of meditation is considered conducive to overcoming desire and lust. Along with cemetery contemplations, this type of meditation is one of the two meditations on "the foul"/unattractiveness (Pāli: asubha).
Paṭikkūla (Pāli) literally means "against" (paṭi) "the slope" or "embankment" (kūla) and has been translated adjectivally as "averse, objectionable, contrary, disagreeable" and, in its nounal form, as "loathsomeness, impurity".
Manasikāra (Pāli), derived from manasi (locative of mana thus, loosely, "in mind" or "in thought") and karoti ("to make" or "to bring into") and has been translated as "attention" or "pondering" or "fixed thought".
In contemporary translations, the compound term paṭikkūla-manasikāra is generally translated as "reflections on repulsiveness" or, adding contextual clarity at the expense of literal accuracy, "reflections on repulsiveness of the body". Alternate translations include "attention directed to repulsiveness" and "realisation of the impurity of the body".
This type of meditation is traditionally mentioned as an "antidote" to sensual passion. This is also one of the "four protective meditations", along with anussati (recollection of the Buddha), mettā (benevolence) practice and recollection of death.
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