Operation Jerusalem
| Operation Beit ol-Moqaddas | |||||||||
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| Part of Iran–Iraq War | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Iraq
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 Iran
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Col. Ahmad Zeidan † (Commander of Iraqi forces in Khorramshahr) Maj. Gen. Salah al-Qadhi  (commander of III Corps)
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Mohsen Rezai Col. Ali Sayad Shirazi Gholam Ali Rashid Col. Massoud Monfared Niyaki Hassan Baqeri Col. Hossein Hassani Saadi Ahmad Gholampoor Col. Siroos Lotfi
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| Strength | |||||||||
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70,000-80,000 fighters: |
65,000 fighters: |
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
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16,000 killed and wounded |
30,000 killed and wounded |
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70,000-80,000 fighters:
90 infantry battalions
43 armored battalions
23 mechanized battalions
22 commando battalions
12 border guard battalions
30 artillery battalions
65,000 fighters:
112 infantry battalions
23 armored battalions
9 mechanized battalions
29 artillery battalions
5 combat engineer battalions
1 pontoon bridge battalion
4 army aviation units (96 helicopters)
16,000 killed and wounded
19,070 captured
418 tanks and APCs, 200 vehicles, 40 aircraft, 3 helicopters, and 30 artillery pieces destroyed
30,000 killed and wounded
Operation Beit-ol-Moqaddas (Jerusalem) (Persian: عملیات بیتالمقدس) was an Iranian operation conducted during the Iran–Iraq War. The operation was a success, in as so far as it achieved its standing aim of liberation of Khorramshahr and pushing Iraqi troops back to the border. This operation, coupled with Operation Tariq al-Qods, and Operation Undeniable Victory, succeeded in evicting Iraqi troops from southern Iran and gave Iran the momentum.
On September 22, 1980, because of his desire that Iraq should have complete dominance over the Shatt al-Arab (or the Arvand Rūd) waterway, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declared war against Iran and launched a land invasion of southern Iran, although operations did occur elsewhere on the Iran–Iraq border. After achieving successes due to the post-Revolution military and political chaos in Iran, Saddam Hussein ordered that the Iraqi troops "dig-in" on the front line. He hoped that this would show the world that he cared about the fate of the Iranian people, and that he was only concerned with achieving his aim of securing the entire Shatt al-Arab waterway, which had been under dispute since the 1975 Algiers Agreement. However, since the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979, Iraq had felt that it was necessary to assume what it wanted through force, since previous attempts in getting the revolutionary Iranian government to negotiate a new settlement had proved fruitless.
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Wikipedia