Operation Diadem
| Operation Diadem | |||||||
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| Part of the Winter Line and the battle for Rome of the Italian Campaign, World War II | |||||||
 Allied plan for Operation Diadem |
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 United States Free France Poland Canada
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 Sidney Kirkman Geoffrey Keyes Władysław Anders Alphonse Juin
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 F. v. Senger und Etterlin Valentin FeursteinTraugott Herr |
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| Units involved | |||||||
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XIII Corps II Corps II Corps CEFI
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XIV Panzer Corps LI Mountain Corps LXXVI Panzer Corps (elements) |
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Operation Diadem, also referred to as the Fourth Battle of Monte Cassino or, in Canada, the Battle of the Liri Valley, was an offensive operation undertaken by the Allies of World War II (U.S. Fifth Army and British Eighth Army in May 1944, as part of the Italian Campaign of World War II. Diadem was supported by air attacks called Operation Strangle. The opposing force was the German 10th Army.
The object of Diadem was to break the German defenses on the Gustav Line (the western half of the Winter Line) and open up the Liri Valley, the main route to Rome. General Sir Harold Alexander, Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C) of the Allied Armies in Italy (AAI), planned Diadem to coordinate roughly with the invasion of Normandy, so that German forces would be tied down in Italy, and could not be redeployed to France.
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