Oliena
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Oliena Ulìana |
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| Comune | |
| Comune di Oliena | |
Oliena (in the foreground)
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 Oliena
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| Coordinates: 40°16′N 9°24′E / 40.267°N 9.400°ECoordinates: 40°16′N 9°24′E / 40.267°N 9.400°E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Sardinia |
| Province / Metropolitan city | Nuoro (NU) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 165.37 km2 (63.85 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 365 m (1,198 ft) |
| Population (December 31, 2010) | |
| • Total | 7,418 |
| • Density | 45/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Olianesi |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 08025 |
| Dialing code | 0784 |
| Patron saint | Saint Ignatius of Loyola, San Lussorio |
| Saint day | 31 July – 21 August |
| Website | Official website |
Oliena (Italian pronunciation: [oˈliːena] or less correctly [oˈljɛːna]; Sardinian: Ulìana [uˈli.ana]) is a commune in the province of Nuoro, Sardinia, Italy.
Belonging to the Giudicato of Torres, Oliena was one of the curatorie of Posada. During the war between Aragona and Arborea, the commune was occupied by Eleonora D'Arborea's troops. The village, developed in medieval times, at the foot of a castle remembered in toponomy, belonged to Arborea until the fall of the Giudicato.
Oliena was passed to the Carrozs, and later annexed to the Marchesato of Quirra, as a feudal state of the Carrozs and then of the Osorios, from which it was released in 1839.
Lamarmora thinks the name "Oliena" dates back to the time of the first Oriental people, and comes from Helion (i.e. very high), because of the peaks at whose foot the village is situated.
Almost of proto-sardinian origin, judging from the numerous archaeological remains present in the territory, the name Oliena is connected with a group of Trojans who, after the fall of Troy, left to find safer lands. Probably, some of them landed in Sardinia, giving birth to the people of Ilienses.
At the beginning of 1300, Oliena was under the Pisan Rule in the Giudicato of Gallura, in the curatoria of Posada and Galtellì. At that time, the centre might have been substantial, judging from its income compared to the neighbouring villages. It owned a medieval castle, situated in the locality "Su Carmene" (now ruined). When the Jesuits, in the 17th century, according to popular tradition, removed the stones which it was built of, in order to build a convent and then, the church of Sant'Ignazio di Loyola. In 1325, the village of Oliena and its territory were assigned to Berengario Carroz together, with the village of Calogonis (now disappeared).
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Wikipedia