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Old Joseon

Gojoseon
고조선(古朝鮮)
?–108 BCE
Gojoseon at its decline in 108 BCE
Capital Wanggeom
Government Monarchy
King
 •   ? - 194 BCE Jun
 •  194 BCE - ? Wi Man
 •  ? - 108 BCE Wi Ugeo (last)
Historical era Ancient
 •  legendarily established 2333 BCE ?
 •  First mentioned in Chinese texts c. 700 BC
 •  Coup by Wi Man 194 BC
 •  Gojoseon-Han War 109 BC - 108 BC
 •  Fall of Wanggeom 108 BCE
Succeeded by
Buyeo kingdom
Samhan
Four Commanderies of Han
Today part of  North Korea
 South Korea
 China
Korean name
Hangul 고조선
Hanja 古朝鮮
Revised Romanization Gojoseon
McCune–Reischauer Kojosŏn
IPA [ko.dʑo.sʌn]
original name
Hangul 조선
Hanja 朝鮮
Revised Romanization Joseon
McCune–Reischauer Chosŏn
IPA [tɕo.sʌn]

Gojoseon (고조선; 古朝鮮; [ko.dʑo.sʌn]), originally named Joseon (조선; 朝鮮; [tɕo.sʌn]), was an ancient Korean kingdom. The addition of Go (, ), meaning "ancient", distinguishes it from the other kingdoms called Joseon.

The founding legend of Gojoseon, which is recorded in the Samguk Yusa (1281) and other medieval Korean books, states that the country was established in 2333 BCE by Dangun, said to be descended from heaven. While no evidence has been found that supports whatever facts may lie beneath this, the account has played an important role in developing Korean national identity.

In the 12th century BCE Gija, a prince from the Shang dynasty of China, purportedly founded Gija Joseon. However, due to the lack of archaeological evidence, its existence has been challenged since the 20th century, and today no longer forms the mainstream understanding of this period.

The historical Gojoseon kingdom was first mentioned in Chinese records in the early 7th century BCE. During its early phase, the capital of Gojoseon was located in Liaoning; around 400 BCE, it was moved to Pyongyang, while in the south of the peninsula, the Jin state arose by the 3rd century BCE.

In 108 BCE, the Han dynasty of China invaded and conquered Wiman Joseon. The Han established four commanderies to administer the Gojoseon territory. The area was later conquered by Goguryeo in 313 CE.


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Wikipedia

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