Northwest Indian War

Northwest Indian War
Part of the American Indian Wars
This depiction of the Treaty of Greenville negotiations may have been painted by one of Anthony Wayne's officers.
Date 1785–1795 Location Northwest Territory (United States) Result United States victory Treaty of Greenville British withdrawal US occupation of the Northwest Territory
Belligerents
United States Chickasaw Choctaw	Western Confederacy Great Britain British North America
Commanders and leaders
George Washington Josiah Harmar Arthur St. Clair Anthony Wayne James Wilkinson	Alexander McKillop Blue Jacket Little Turtle Buckongahelas Egushawa
Strength
4,000 colonial militiamen	2,000 British soldiers 10,000 Native American warriors
Casualties and losses
1,221 killed 458 wounded	1,000+ killed Unknown wounded

United States victory

Western Confederacy
Great Britain

The Northwest Indian War (1785–1795) also, known as the Ohio War, Little Turtle's War, and by other names, was a war between the United States and a confederation of numerous Native American tribes, with support from the British, for control of the Northwest Territory. It followed centuries of conflict over this territory, first among Native American tribes, and then with the added shifting alliances among the tribes and the European powers of France and Great Britain, and their colonials.

Under the Treaty of Paris (1783), which ended the American Revolutionary War, Great Britain ceded to the U.S. "control" of the Northwest Territory, which was occupied by numerous Native American peoples. Despite the treaty, the British kept forts there and continued policies that supported the Native Americans in the Northwest Territories. In 1787, there were 45,000 Native Americans in the territory, and 2,000 French. President George Washington directed the United States Army to enforce U.S. sovereignty over the territory. The U.S. Army, consisting of mostly untrained recruits supported by equally untrained militiamen, suffered a series of major defeats, including the Harmar Campaign (1790) and St. Clair's Defeat (1791), which were resounding Native American victories. About 1,000 soldiers and militiamen were killed and the United States forces suffered many more casualties than their opponents.

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