Ningxia
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Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 宁夏回族自治区 |
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|---|---|
| Autonomous region | |
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 宁夏回族自治区 (Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū) |
| • Abbreviation | simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: 寧; pinyin: Níng |
.svg) Map showing the location of the
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region |
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| Named for |
níng—tranquil xià—Western Xia "Tranquil Xia" |
| Capital (and largest city) |
Yinchuan |
| Divisions | 5 prefectures, 21 counties, 219 townships |
| Government | |
| • Secretary | Li Jianhua |
| • Chairwoman | Xian Hui |
| Area | |
| • Total | 66,399.73 km2 (25,637.08 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 27th |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 6,301,350 |
| • Estimate (31 December 2014) | 6,620,000 |
| • Rank | 29th |
| • Density | 89.1/km2 (231/sq mi) |
| • Density rank | 25th |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition |
Han: 62% Hui: 34% Manchu: 0.4% |
| • Languages and dialects | Lanyin Mandarin, Zhongyuan Mandarin |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-64 |
| GDP (2016) |
CNY 0.3 trillion USD 47 billion (29th) |
| - per capita |
CNY47,165 USD 7,103 (17th) |
| HDI (2010) | 0.674 (medium) (21st) |
| Website | http://www.nx.gov.cn/ |
| Ningxia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
"Ningxia" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
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| Simplified Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xiao'erjing | نٍ ﺷﯿَا | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Ningsia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 宁夏回族自治区 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 寧夏回族自治區 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xiao'erjing | نٍ ﺷﯿَا ﺧُﻮِ ذُﻮْ ذِ جِ ﺛُﻮْ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Ningsia Hui Autonomous Region | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Níngxià |
| Wade–Giles | Ning-hsia |
| IPA | [nǐŋ.ɕjâ] |
| other Mandarin | |
| Xiao'erjing | نٍ ﺷﯿَا |
| Dungan | Нинщя |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | nyin平ya去 |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Nèn-ha |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | ning4haa6 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Lêng-hā |
| Teochew Peng'im | Lêng-hiā |
| Eastern Min | |
| Fuzhou BUC | Nìng-hâ |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū |
| other Mandarin | |
| Xiao'erjing | نٍ ﺷﯿَا ﺧُﻮِ ذُﻮْ ذِ جِ ﺛُﻮْ |
| Dungan | Нинщя Хуэйзў Зыҗычў |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | nyin平ya去 we平zoh入 zy去zy去chiu平 |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Nèn-ha Fui-tshu̍k Tshṳ-tshṳ-khî |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | ning4haa6 wui4zuk6 zi6zi6keoi1 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu |
| Teochew Peng'im | Lêng-hiā Huê-tsôk Tsĕu-tī-khu |
| Eastern Min | |
| Fuzhou BUC | Nìng-hâ Huòi-cŭk Cê̤ṳ-dê-kṳ̆ |
Ningxia (Chinese: 宁夏; pronounced [nǐŋɕjâ], Xiao'erjing: نٍ ﺷﯿَا ﺧُﻮِ ذُﻮْ ذِ جِ ﺛُﻮْ), officially the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China located in the northwest part of the country. Formerly a province, Ningxia was incorporated into Gansu in 1954 but was separated from Gansu in 1958 and was reconstituted as an autonomous region for the Hui people, one of the 56 officially recognised nationalities of China. Twenty percent of China's Hui population lives in Ningxia.
Ningxia is bounded by Shaanxi to the east, Gansu to the south and west, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north and has an area of around 66,400 square kilometres (25,600 sq mi). This sparsely settled, mostly desert region lies partially on the Loess Plateau and in the vast plain of the Yellow River, and features the Great Wall of China along its northeastern boundary. Over the years an extensive system of canals has been built. Extensive land reclamation and irrigation projects have made increased cultivation possible.
Ningxia and its surrounding areas were incorporated into the Qin Dynasty as early as the 3rd century BC. Throughout the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty there were several large cities established in the region. The Liang Province Rebellion at the end of the Han Dynasty affected Ningxia.
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