Nawabs of Murshidabad
| Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Orissa (1717–1880)a and Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad (1882–1971)b |
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| Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad | ||||||||||
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_and_that_of_the_Nawab_of_Murshidabad_(bottom).png) Coat of arms
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Motto Nil Desparandum "There is no cause for despair, never despair" |
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| Capital | Murshidabadc | |||||||||
| Languages | English |
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| Government | Nobility | |||||||||
| Historical era |
Mughal rule in India Company rule in India |
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| • | Emergence of the Mughal Empire | 1526 | ||||||||
| • | Established | 1717 | ||||||||
| • | Battle of Plassey | 23 June 1757 | ||||||||
| • | Battle of Buxar | 22 October 1764 | ||||||||
| • | Abolition of the title of Nawab of Bengal | 1880 | ||||||||
| • | Abdication of Mansoor Ali Khan, the last Nawab of Bengal | 1 November 1880 | ||||||||
| • | Emergence of the Nawab of Murshidabad | 17 February 1882 | ||||||||
| • | Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolishes titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields | 26 January 1950 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1765 | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | 1901 est. | 75 million | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
 India Bangladesh
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| a. | Title abolished in 1880 | |||||||||
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After Indian independence in 1947, followed by the promulgation of the Indian Constitution on 26 January 1950, which marked the transformation of the Dominion of India into the Republic of India, the Article 18 of the Indian Constitution abolished all titles, except those given by the Government of India to those who have made their mark in military and academic fields. However, under the policy of Privy Purse nobles were allowed to enjoy certain privileges and keep their titles. However, this policy was abolished in 1971 by the twenty-sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India. Thus the title of the "Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad" was officially, constitutionally and legally abolished in 1971.
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Murshidabad was the capital for both the Nawabs of Bengal and the Nawabs of Murshidabad.
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Company rule in India
British Raj
Indian Independence movement
Indian Independence
The Nawabs of Bengal (full title, the Nawab Nizam of Bengal and Orissa) were the rulers of the then provinces of Bengal and Orissa. Between 1717 and 1765, they served as the rulers of the subah (or province) of Bengal. However, they were only nominally subordinate to the Mughal Empire. Siraj ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab of Bengal was betrayed in the Battle of Plassey by Mir Jafar. He lost to the British, who took over the charge of Bengal in 1757, installed Mir Jafar on the Masnad (throne) and established itself to a political power in Bengal.
In 1765 the system of Dual Government was established, in which the Nawabs ruled on behalf of the British and were mere puppets to the British. In 1772 the system was abolished and Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, when the Nizamat (governorship) of the Nawab was also taken away from them, they remained as the mere pensioners of the British East India Company. The last Nawab of Bengal, Mansur Ali Khan abdicated on 1 November 1880 in favour of his eldest son, Hassan Ali Mirza.
Nawabs of Murshidabad succeeded the Nawabs of Bengal as Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad, following Mansur Ali Khan's abdication They got the title changed as the title of the Nawab of Bengal was abolished in 1880. They had little or no say in the share of the revenue collected and were ceased to use any force. After Indian Independence in 1947 it was declared that the princely states must accede to either India or Pakistan (East/West Pakistan).Murshidabad (the capital city) became a part of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) for two days, as it had a Muslim majority. It became a part of India on 17 August 1947, following which the Pakistani flag was brought down from the Hazarduari Palace and the Indian tricolour was hoisted atop it. After merging with India, they had no power as the Government of India took over all the princely states in India. The house of the Nawabs appeared to have come to end in 1969 with Waris Ali Mirza being the last reigning Nawab and with no clear succession. Although he left three sons and three daughters there was no clear successor to the title after his death because he disinherited one and the others disputed his will.
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