Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Tahir

Abu'l-Abbas Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Tahir (824/5 – November 867) was a Tahirid who served the Abbasid Caliphate as governor and chief of police (sahib al-shurta) of Baghdad from 851 until his death, during a particularly troubled period in the city's history, which included its siege during the civil war of 865–866, in which he played a major role. He also served in the 860s as governor of Iraq, Mecca and Medina, and was noted as a scholar, a poet and a patron of artists and scholars.

Muhammad was born in 824/5 (AH 209). He was the son of Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani, who after a distinguished military career became military governor (wali al-harb wa'l-shurta) of Baghdad, before going on to rule a vast viceroyalty in the East, comprising central and eastern Iran, from 830 to 845; according to C.E. Bosworth, he was "perhaps the greatest of the Tahirids". Baghdad and the family's interests in Iraq remained in the hands of his cousin, Ishaq ibn Ibrahim and his heirs. In the East, Abdallah was succeeded by his son Tahir, but in Iraq, the family's position was far less stable, as the Tahirids there quarrelled among themselves. As a result, in 851 the Caliph al-Mutawakkil called Muhammad ibn Abadallah from Khurasan to Iraq, where he assumed the governorships of Baghdad, the Sawad and Fars, while according to the 10th-century Egyptian scholar al-Shabushti, he also served as the caliphs' chamberlain (hajib).

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