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Mozhaisk

Mozhaysk (English)
Можайск (Russian)
-  Town  -
Mozhaysk odinkvartal 2010.jpg
Residential buildings in Mozhaysk
Map of Russia - Moscow Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia
Mozhaysk is located in Moscow Oblast
Mozhaysk
Mozhaysk
Location of Mozhaysk in Moscow Oblast
Coordinates: 55°31′N 36°02′E / 55.517°N 36.033°E / 55.517; 36.033Coordinates: 55°31′N 36°02′E / 55.517°N 36.033°E / 55.517; 36.033
Mozhaysk.png
Flag of Mozhaisk (Moscow oblast).png
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of September 2013)
Country Russia
Federal subject Moscow Oblast
Administrative district Mozhaysky District
Town Mozhaysk
Administrative center of Mozhaysky District, Town of Mozhaysk
Municipal status (as of July 2011)
Municipal district Mozhaysky Municipal District
Urban settlement Mozhaysk Urban Settlement
Administrative center of Mozhaysk Municipal District, Mozhaysk Urban Settlement
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 31,363 inhabitants
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)
First mentioned 1231
Town status since 1708
Postal code(s) 143200–143204, 143210
Dialing code(s) +7 49638
Official website
on

Mozhaysk (Russian: Можайск; IPA: [mɐˈʐajsk]) is a town and the administrative center of Mozhaysky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 110 kilometers (68 mi) to the west of Moscow, on the historic road leading to Smolensk and then to Poland. Population: 31,363 (2010 Census);31,459 (2002 Census);30,735 (1989 Census).

It was first mentioned in 1231 as an appanage of Chernigov; it was named after the Mozhay (Mozhaya) River, whose name is of Baltic origin (cf. Lithuanian mažoja 'small'). Later it was an important stronghold of the Smolensk dynasty, at one time owned by Theodore the Black. The Muscovites seized it in 1303, but in the course of the following century had serious troubles defending it against Algirdas of Lithuania. The principality was usually held by a younger brother of the ruling Grand Duke of Moscow, until the practice was dropped in 1493. In 1562, the Treaty of Mozhaysk was signed there. Town status was granted to Mozhaysk in 1708. Mozhaysk continued to defend the Western approaches to Moscow during the French invasion of Russia in 1812 and World War II (during which it was captured by the Germans on October 16, 1941 and recaptured by the Red Army on January 20, 1942). The Battle of Borodino took place 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the town.


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