Mosul Dam
| Mosul Dam | |
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 Location of Mosul Dam in Iraq
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| Location | 45 mi north of Mosul, Ninawa Governorate, Iraq |
| Coordinates | 36°37′49″N 42°49′23″E / 36.63028°N 42.82306°ECoordinates: 36°37′49″N 42°49′23″E / 36.63028°N 42.82306°E |
| Construction began | 25 January 1981 |
| Opening date | 7 July 1986 |
| Construction cost | US$1.5 billion |
| Operator(s) | Ministry of Water Resources (17 August 2014) |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Embankment, earth-fill clay-core |
| Impounds | Tigris river |
| Height | 113 m (371 ft) |
| Length | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) |
| Elevation at crest | 341 m (1,120 ft) |
| Width (crest) | 10 m (33 ft) |
| Spillways | 2 |
| Spillway type | Service: Controlled chute Emergency: Fuse-plug ogee |
| Spillway capacity | Service: 13,000 m3/s (460,000 cu ft/s) Emergency: 4,000 m3/s (140,000 cu ft/s) |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Lake Dahuk |
| Total capacity | 11,100,000,000 m3 (9,000,000 acre·ft) |
| Active capacity | 8,100,000,000 m3 (6,600,000 acre·ft) |
| Inactive capacity | 2,950,000,000 m3 (2,390,000 acre·ft) |
| Normal elevation | 330 m (1,080 ft) |
| Power station | |
| Commission date | Mosul 1: 1986 Mosul 2: 1985 Mosul 3: 1989 |
| Turbines | Mosul 1: 4 × 187.5 MW (251,400 hp) Francis-type Mosul 2: 4 × 15.5 MW (20,800 hp) Kaplan-type Mosul 3: 2 × 120 MW (161,000 hp) Francis pump-turbine |
| Installed capacity | 1,052 MW (1,411,000 hp) |
| Annual generation | 3,420 gigawatt-hours (12,310 TJ) |
Mosul Dam (Arabic: سد الموصل, Kurdish: Bêndawi Mûsil), formerly known as Saddam Dam (سد صدام), is the largest dam in Iraq. It is located on the Tigris river in the western governorate of Ninawa, upstream of the city of Mosul. The dam serves to generate hydroelectricity and provide water for downstream irrigation. At full capacity, the structure holds about 11.1 cubic kilometres (2.7 cu mi) of water and provides electricity to the 1.7 million residents of Mosul.
The dam's main 750 megawatts (1,010,000 hp) power station contains four 187.5 megawatts (251,400 hp) Francis turbine-generators. A pumped-storage hydroelectricity power plant with a capacity of 250 megawatts (340,000 hp) and a run-of-the-river dam downstream with a 62-megawatt (83,000 hp) capacity also belong to the Mosul Dam scheme. It is the fourth largest dam in the Middle East, as measured by reserve capacity, capturing snowmelt from Turkey, some 70 miles (110 km) north.
Built on a karst foundation, concerns over the dam's instability have led to major remediation and rehabilitation efforts since the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
The Mosul Dam is a 113 m (371 ft) tall and 3.4 km (2.1 mi) long earth-fill embankment-type with a clay-core. The width of the crest is 10 m (33 ft). At an elevation of 330 m (1,080 ft) above sea level, the reservoir, named Lake Dahuk, withholds 11,100,000,000 m3 (9,000,000 acre·ft) of water. Of that capacity 8,100,000,000 m3 (6,600,000 acre·ft) is active (or useful for power and downstream releases) and 2,950,000,000 m3 (2,390,000 acre·ft) is inactive (dead) storage. On the east side of the dam is the service spillway which is controlled by five radial gates and has a maximum discharge capacity of 13,000 m3/s (460,000 cu ft/s). Further to the east is a fuse-plug-controlled emergency spillway with a 4,000 m3/s (140,000 cu ft/s) capacity.
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Wikipedia