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Mohammad Ali Foroughi

Mohammad-Ali Foroughi
محمدعلی فروغی ذكاءالملک
Mohammad Ali Foroughi.jpg
35th, 38th & 42nd Prime Minister of Iran
In office
27 August 1941 – 9 March 1942
Monarch Reza Shah
Mohammad Reza Shah
Preceded by Ali Mansur
Succeeded by Ali Soheili
In office
18 September 1933 – 3 December 1935
Monarch Reza Shah
Preceded by Mehdi Qoli Hedayat
Succeeded by Mahmoud Jam
In office
1 November 1925 – 13 June 1926
Monarch Reza Shah
Preceded by Rēzā Pahlavi
Succeeded by Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
Minister of Finance
In office
1 September 1924 – 1 November 1925
Prime Minister Reza Khan
In office
15 June 1923 – 26 October 1923
Prime Minister Hassan Pirnia
In office
14 March 1915 – 1 May 1915
Prime Minister Hassan Pirnia
In office
24 May 1913 – 3 June 1913
Prime Minister Saad ad-Daula
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
28 October 1923 – 1 September 1924
Prime Minister Reza Khan
In office
14 February 1923 – 15 June 1923
Prime Minister Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
Minister of Justice
In office
3 June 1913 – 6 December 1914
Prime Minister Saad ad-Daula
Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
Speaker of the Parliament
In office
6 July 1912 – 10 July 1912
Preceded by Mirza Esmaiel Khan
Succeeded by Hossein Pirnia
Member of the Parliament of Iran
In office
19 November 1909 – 3 August 1921
Constituency Tehran
Personal details
Born 1877
Tehran, Iran
Died 26 November 1942(1942-11-26) (aged 65)
Tehran, Iran
Resting place Ibn Babawayh Cemetery
Political party Revival Party
Children 6
Alma mater Tehran School of Political Sciences
Dar ul-Funun

Mohammad Ali Foroughi Zoka-ol-Molk (1877 – 26 November 1942) (Persian: محمدعلی فروغی ذكاءالملک‎‎) was a teacher, diplomat, writer, politician and Prime Minister of Iran.

Foroughi was born in Tehran to a merchant family from Isfahan. His ancestor, Mirza Abutorab was the representative of Isfahan in Mugan plain during Nader Shah Afshar's coronation. His grandfather, Mohammad Mehdi Arbab Isfahani, was amongst the most influential merchants of Isfahan and was skilled in history and geography. His father Mohammad Hosein Foroughi was the translator of the Shah from Arabic and French. He was also a poet and published a newspaper called Tarbiat. Naser al-Din Shah Qajar nicknamed Mohammad Hosein, Foroughi, after hearing a poem that he had written. Many sources alleged that Foroughi's ancestors were Baghdadi Jews who came to Isfahan and converted to Islam. During occupation of Iran in the second world war, Nazi Germany often emphasized this alleged Jewish ancestry in radio broadcasts. During his early life, Foroughi studied at the élite Dar ul-Funun (House of Sciences) in Tehran.

In 1907, Foroughi's father died, and thus Foroughi inherited his father's title of Zoka-ol-Molk. During the same year, Foroughi became the dean of the College of Political Sciences. In 1909, he entered politics as a member of Majlis (Parliament), representing Tehran. He subsequently became speaker of the house and later minister in several cabinets as well as prime minister three times and once as the acting prime minister when Reza Khan resigned as prime minister to take up the crown as Reza Shah. In 1912, he became the president of the Iranian Supreme Court. Later he was appointed prime minister and dismissed in 1935 due to the father of his son-in-law's, Muhammad Vali Asadi, alleged participation in the riot in Mashhad against the reforms implemented by Reza Shah.


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