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Mir Space Station

Mir
Mir Space Station viewed from Endeavour during STS-89.jpg
Mir seen from Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-89 (9 February 1998)
Mir insignia.svg
Mir insignia
Station statistics
COSPAR ID 1986-017A
Call sign Mir
Crew 3
Launch 20 February 1986 – 23 April 1996
Launch pad LC-200/39, and LC-81/23, Baikonur Cosmodrome
LC-39A
Kennedy Space Center
Reentry 23 March 2001
05:59 UTC
Mass 129,700 kg
(285,940 lb)
Length 19 m (62.3 ft)
from core module to Kvant-1
Width 31 m (101.7 ft)
from Priroda to docking module
Height 27.5 m (90.2 ft)
from Kvant-2 to Spektr
Pressurised volume 350 m³
Atmospheric pressure c.101.3 kPa (29.91 inHg, 1 atm)
Perigee 354 km (189 nmi) AMSL
Apogee 374 km (216 nmi) AMSL
Orbital inclination 51.6 degrees
Orbital speed 7.7 km/s
(27,700 km/h, 17,200 mph)
Orbital period 91.9 minutes
Orbits per day 15.7
Days in orbit 5,510 days (15 years and 31 days)
Days occupied 4,592 days
Number of orbits 86,331
Statistics as of 23 March 2001
(unless noted otherwise)
References:
Configuration
The main components of Mir shown as a line diagram, with each module highlighted in a different colour
Station elements as of May 1996

Mir (Russian: Мир, IPA: [ˈmʲir]; lit. peace or world) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, run by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. Mir was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to 1996. It had a greater mass than any previous spacecraft. At the time it was the largest artificial satellite in orbit, succeeded by the International Space Station after Mir's orbit decayed. The station served as a microgravity research laboratory in which crews conducted experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology and spacecraft systems with a goal of developing technologies required for permanent occupation of space.

Mir was the first continuously inhabited long-term research station in orbit and held the record for the longest continuous human presence in space at 3,644 days, until it was surpassed by the ISS on 23 October 2010. It holds the record for the longest single human spaceflight, with Valeri Polyakov spending 437 days and 18 hours on the station between 1994 and 1995. Mir was occupied for a total of twelve and a half years out of its fifteen-year lifespan, having the capacity to support a resident crew of three, or larger crews for short visits.


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