Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus
| Marcus Aurelius | |||||
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Bust of Marcus Aurelius in the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul, Turkey
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| Joint 16th Emperor of the Roman Empire | |||||
| Reign | 8 March 161 – 17 March 180 | ||||
| Predecessor | Antoninus Pius | ||||
| Successor | Commodus | ||||
| Co-emperors |
Lucius Verus (161–169) Commodus (177–180) |
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| Born |
26 April 121 Rome |
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| Died | 17 March 180 (aged 58) Vindobona or Sirmium |
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| Burial | Hadrian's Mausoleum | ||||
| Issue | 14, incl. Commodus, Marcus Annius Verus, Antoninus and Lucilla | ||||
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| Dynasty | Antonine | ||||
| Father |
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| Mother | Domitia Lucilla | ||||
| Full name | |
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Marcus Annius Verus (name at birth, or upon the death of his father and adoption by his grandfather, or upon coming of age) Marcus Annius Catilius Severus (name at birth, or for some period of his youth) Marcus Catilius Severus Annius Verus (name at birth) Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus (upon adoption by Antoninus Pius) Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus Caesar (as imperial heir) Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (upon joint ascension, with Lucius Verus, to the throne) |
Marcus Aurelius (/ɔːˈriːliəs/; Latin: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180 AD) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180, ruling jointly with Lucius Verus until Verus' death in 169 and jointly with his son, Commodus, from 177. He was the last of the so-called Five Good Emperors.
He was a practitioner of Stoicism, and his untitled writing, commonly known as Meditations, is a significant source of our modern understanding of ancient Stoic philosophy. It is considered by many commentators to be one of the greatest works of philosophy.
During his reign, the Roman Empire defeated a revitalized Parthian Empire in the East: Aurelius' general Avidius Cassius sacked the capital Ctesiphon in 164. In central Europe, Aurelius fought the Marcomanni, Quadi, and Sarmatians with success during the Marcomannic Wars, although the threat of the Germanic peoples began to represent a troubling reality for the Empire. A revolt in the East led by Avidius Cassius failed to gain momentum and was suppressed immediately. Persecution of Christians increased during his reign.
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