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Malayan emergency

Malayan Emergency
Darurat Malaya
馬來亞緊急狀態
Part of the decolonisation of Asia and the Cold War
RAAFAvroLincolnMalaya1950.jpg
Australian Avro Lincoln bomber dropping 500lb bombs on communist rebels in the Malayan jungle (c. 1950)
Date 16 June 1948 – 12 July 1960
(12 years, 3 weeks and 5 days)
Location Southeast Asia
Result

Anti-communist victory

Territorial
changes
Independence of the Federation of Malaya on 31 August 1957
Belligerents

Anti-communist forces:
British Empire

Australia Australia
New Zealand New Zealand
Supported by:
 United States


 Thailand (Thai-Malay border)

Communist forces:
Malayan Communist Party

Supported by:
 China
North Vietnam Viet Minh(−1954)
 North Vietnam (1954–)
 Soviet Union
 Indonesia
Commanders and leaders

Clement Attlee (until 1951)
Winston Churchill (1951–1955)
Anthony Eden (1955–1957)
Harold Macmillan (1957–1960)
Harold Briggs
Roy Urquhart
Edward Gent
Henry Gurney 
Gerald Templer
Tunku Abdul Rahman
Henry Wells
Sidney Holland (1951–1957)
Walter Nash (1957–1960)


Bhumibol Adulyadej
Plaek Phibunsongkhram (until 1958)
Thanom Kittikachorn (1958)
Sarit Thanarat (from 1958)
Chin Peng
Abdullah CD
Rashid Maidin
Shamsiah Fakeh
S. A. Ganapathy 
Lau Yew 
Yeung Kwo
Lau Lee
Strength

250,000 Malayan Home Guard (Malayan Regiment) troops
40,000 regular Commonwealth personnel

37,000 Special Constables


24,000 Federation Police

Up to 150,000 Min Yuen (30,000 to 40,000 likely) *

Casualties and losses
Killed: 1,346 Malayan troops and police
519 British military personnel
Wounded: 2,406 Malayan and British troops/police
Killed: 6,710
Wounded: 1,289
Captured: 1,287
Surrendered: 2,702
Civilian casualties: 2,478 killed, 810 missing

Anti-communist victory

Anti-communist forces:
British Empire

Australia Australia
New Zealand New Zealand
Supported by:
 United States

Communist forces:
Malayan Communist Party


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