Ludwik Krzywicki
| Ludwik Krzywicki | |
|---|---|
Ludwik Krzywicki, 1882 photo
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| Born |
21 August 1859 Płock, Congress Poland |
| Died | 10 June 1941 (aged 81) Warsaw, General Government |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Occupation | Sociologist, Professor at the University of Warsaw |
| Known for | Archeological digs in Samogitia |
Ludwik Krzywicki (21 August 1859 – 10 June 1941) was a Polish anthropologist, economist and sociologist. One of the early champions of sociology in Poland, he approached historical materialism from a sociological viewpoint. From 1919 to 1936 he was a professor at the University of Warsaw.
Ludwik Krzywicki was born at Płock in 1859 into an aristocratic but impoverished family. From an early age he showed an interest in psychology, philosophy and natural sciences, and studied the works of Darwin, Taine, Ribot and Comte.
Krzywicki studied mathematics at the University of Warsaw in Congress Poland. After obtaining his degree, he enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine but was expelled from the University on account of his political activities. He then went abroad, first to Leipzig, Germany, then Zürich, Switzerland, and finally in 1885 to Paris, France, where most of the Polish Socialist émigrés in Europe lived. It was in Paris that he began studying anthropology, archaeology and ethnology.
Krzywicki was one of the first scholars to research Lithuanian hill forts. Between 1900 and 1914 he conducted archeological digs in Samogitia and elsewhere, photographing and excavating fortress hills. In 1908 he published Żmudż starożytnia (Ancient Samogitia), in which he sought to correlate his findings with chronicles that mentioned the castles and fortifications that he was investigating. In the same year he published an article entitled, W poszukiwaniu grodu Mendoga, dealing with where he believed the castle of King Mindaugas had been located. Krzywicki donated a large part of his findings to the Culture Museum in Kaunas, Lithuania, in 1939.
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