Langdon Cheves
| Langdon Cheves | |
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| 8th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives | |
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In office January 19, 1814 – March 4, 1815 |
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| President | James Madison |
| Preceded by | Henry Clay |
| Succeeded by | Henry Clay |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina's 1st district |
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In office December 31, 1810 – March 4, 1815 |
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| Preceded by | Robert Marion |
| Succeeded by | Henry Middleton |
| Attorney General of South Carolina | |
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In office December 8, 1808 – December 4, 1810 |
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| Governor | John Drayton |
| Preceded by | John Julius Pringle |
| Succeeded by | John S. Richardson |
| Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from St. Philip's and St. Michael's Parish | |
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In office November 24, 1806 – December 8, 1808 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born | September 17, 1776 Abbeville County, South Carolina |
| Died | June 26, 1857 (aged 80) Columbia, South Carolina |
| Political party | Democratic-Republican |
| Profession | Lawyer |
Langdon Cheves (/ˈtʃɪvᵻs/; September 17, 1776 – June 26, 1857) was an American politician, lawyer and businessman from South Carolina. He was a U. S. Representative from 1810 to 1815, served as Speaker of the House in 1814–1815, and was president of the Second Bank of the United States from 1819 to 1822.
Langdon Cheves was born at Bull Town Fort, on the Rocky River in South Carolina. His father, Alexander, was a native of Scotland; his mother, Mary Langdon, was from Virginia. At the age of ten he went to Charleston to earn a living, and at sixteen had become confidential clerk in a large mercantile house.
In spite of the advice of his friends, who thought him "born to be a merchant", he began studying law at age 18. In 1797 he was admitted to the bar, and soon became eminent in his profession. Before 1808 his yearly income from his practice exceeded $20,000, making him wealthy for his time. In 1808 he became Attorney General of South Carolina, serving until 1810.
In 1806 he married Mary Elizabeth Dulles, of Charleston. The couple had ten children, among them proslavery essayist Louisa S. McCord.
In 1810 he was elected U.S. Representative as a Republican, winning both a special election to the remainder of the 10th Congress and a regular election to a full term in the 11th Congress. He was re-elected to the 12th Congress in 1812 and the 13th Congress in 1814.
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