Kushite

Kingdom of Kush
Kuluš
1070 BC–AD 350
Capital		Kerma; Napata; later Meroe
Languages		Meroitic, Nubian languages, Egyptian
Government		Monarchy
History
•	Established	1070 BC
•	Capital moved to Napata	780 BC
•	Capital moved to Meroe	591 BC
•	Disestablished	AD 350
Population
•	Egyptian phase est.	100,000
•	Meroite phase est.	1,150,000
Preceded by Succeeded by New Kingdom of Egypt Nobatia Makuria Alodia Aksumite Empire
Today part of		Egypt  Sudan  South Sudan

Kush in hieroglyphs
. k3š Ku'sh

The Kingdom of Kush or Kush (/kʊʃ, kʌʃ/) was an ancient Nubian kingdom situated on the confluences of the Blue Nile, White Nile and River Atbara in what is now Sudan and South Sudan.

The Kushite era of rule in Nubia was established after the Bronze Age collapse and the disintegration of the New Kingdom of Egypt, and it was centered at Napata in its early phase. After King Kashta ("the Kushite") invaded Egypt in the 8th century BC, the Kushite emperors ruled as pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt for a century, until they were expelled by the Assyrians under the rule of Esarhaddon.

During Classical antiquity, the Kushite imperial capital was at Meroe. In early Greek geography, the Meroitic kingdom was known as Aethiopia. By the 1st century AD, the Kushite capital had been captured by the Beja Dynasty, who tried to revive the empire. The Kushite kingdom with its capital at Meroe persisted until the 4th century AD, when it weakened and disintegrated due to internal rebellion. The Kushite capital was eventually captured and burnt to the ground by the Kingdom of Axum.

The native name of the Kingdom was recorded in Egyptian as k3š, likely pronounced /kuɫuʃ/ or /kuʔuʃ/ in Middle Egyptian when the term is first used for Nubia, based on the New Kingdom-era Akkadian transliteration as the genitive kūsi.

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