Kurdish separatism in Iran

Kurdish separatism in Iran

PJAK fighters.jpg

PJAK fighters in 2012

Date

1918 – present
(main phase 1943-present)

Location

Iran, Iran-Iraqi Kurdistan border areas

Status

Several tribal revolts during 1918-1943
1946 failed attempt to establish the Republic of Mahabad
Political crackdown on Kurdish political associations in Iran
Ceasefire between Iran and PJAK established in September 2011, but fighting resumed in 2013
Renewed clashes between KDPI and Iranian military erupt in 2015

Belligerents

Sublime State of Persia (1918−25)

Imperial State of Iran (1925−79)

Interim Government and Council of the Islamic Revolution (1979−80)

Islamic Republic of Iran (1980−present)

Shekak tribesmen

Republic of Mahabad (1945−6)

KDP-I

Supported by:
Soviet Union

1979 rebellion:

KDP-I
Komala

2004–present insurgency:

PJAK

2016–present insurgency:

Commanders and leaders

Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925−41)
Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (1941−79)

Ruhollah Khomeini (1979−89)

Ali Khamenei (1989−present)

Simko Shikak (1918-1930)

Qazi Muhammad
Mustafa Barzani
Ahmed Barzani
Salahuddin Kazimov

Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou
Foad Mostafa Soltani †
Sedigh Kamangar †
Abdullah Mohtadi

Haji Ahmadi (2004-2011)
Majid Kavian †

Hussein Yazdanpanah
Mustafa Hijri

Casualties and losses

23,000 killed (1979-1996)(according to the KDPI)

5,000 killed (1979-1996)(according to the KDPI)

30,000 civilians killed (1980-2000)(according to the KDPI)
15,000+ individuals killed (1946-present)

Total: 15,000–58,000+ casualties

Sublime State of Persia (1918−25)

Imperial State of Iran (1925−79)

Interim Government and Council of the Islamic Revolution (1979−80)

Shekak tribesmen

Republic of Mahabad (1945−6)

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