Koguryo Kingdom

Goguryeo
고구려(高句麗)
37 BC–668 AD
Goguryeo in 476 AD.
Capital		Jolbon (37 BCE – 3 CE) Gungnae (3–427) Pyongyang (427–668)
Languages		Goguryeo language (either related to Old Korean or hypothetical Buyeo language)
Religion		Korean Sky Trinity, Buddhism, Taoism, Shamanism
Government		Monarchy
King, later Emperor
•	37–19 BCE	Dongmyeong (first king)
•	384–391 BCE	Gogugyang (last king)
•	391–413	Gwanggaeto the Great (first emperor)
•	413–491	Jangsu
•	642–668	Bojang (last emperor)
Guksang, later Magniji, later Dae Magniji
•	67? – 179 AD	Myeongnim Dap-bu (first guksang)
•	?-?	Wang San-ak (last guksang)
•	?-?	Yeon Ja-yu (first magniji)
•	?-?	Eulji Mundeok (last magniji)
•	603–666	Yeon Gaesomun (first dae magniji)
•	635 ~ ?	Yeon Namgeon (last dae magniji)
Historical era		Ancient
•	Establishment	37 BC
•	Introduction of Buddhism	372
•	Campaigns of Gwanggaeto the Great	391–413
•	Goguryeo–Sui War	598–614
•	Goguryeo–Tang War	645–668
•	Fall of Pyongyang	668 AD
Population
•	6th century est.	1,000,000
•	7th century est.	1,052,540
Preceded by Succeeded by Buyeo Balhae Unified Silla
Today part of		South Korea  North Korea  China  Russia

Goguryeo (고구려; 高句麗; [ko.ɡu.ɾjʌ], 37 BCE–668 CE), also called Goryeo (고려; 高麗; [ko.ɾjʌ]), was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of inner and outer Manchuria. Goguryeo was an active participant in the power struggle for control of the Korean peninsula and was also associated with the foreign affairs of neighboring polities in China and Japan.

The Samguk Sagi, a 12th-century text from Goryeo, indicates that Goguryeo was founded in 37 BCE by Jumong (Hangul: 주몽; Hanja: 朱蒙), a prince from Buyeo, who was enthroned as Dongmyeong. There is archaeological and textual evidence from Chinese geographic monographs that suggests that Goguryeo may have been in existence since the second century BCE around the fall of Gojoseon, an earlier kingdom which also occupied southern Manchuria and the northern Korean Peninsula.

Goguryeo was a powerful empire and one of the great powers in East Asia, until it was defeated by a Silla–Tang alliance in 668 after prolonged exhaustion and internal strife caused by the death of Yeon Gaesomun. After its fall, its territory was divided among the states of Later Silla, Balhae and Tang China.