Kingdom of Navarra
| Kingdom of Navarre | ||||||||||
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Nafarroako Erresuma (in Basque) Reino de Navarra (in Spanish) Royaume de Navarre (in French) Regnum Navarrae (in Latin) |
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 Kingdom of Navarre in 1400 (dark green).
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| Capital | Pamplona (Iruñea) | |||||||||
| Languages |
Basque (spoken) Latin (written) Navarro-Aragonese (administrative; spoken) Occitan Hebrew (written in Aljama) Arabic (written or formal) |
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| Religion | Majority religion: Roman Catholic (sometimes mixed with Vasconic paganism) Minority religions: Sephardic Judaism (until 1515) Sunni Islam (until 1515) Reformed (1560-1594) |
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| Government | Feudal monarchy | |||||||||
| Monarch | ||||||||||
| • | 824–851/2 | Íñigo Arista (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1610–1620 | Louis II (last. French kingdom) | ||||||||
| • | 1830–1841 | Isabel II of Spain (last. Spanish kingdom) | ||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | |||||||||
| • | Established | 824 (traditional) | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1841 | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Spain
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The Kingdom of Navarre (/nəˈvɑːr/; Basque: Nafarroako Erresuma, Spanish: Reino de Navarra, French: Royaume de Navarre, Latin: Regnum Navarrae), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona (Basque: Iruñeko Erresuma), was a Basque-based kingdom that occupied lands on either side of the western Pyrenees, alongside the Atlantic Ocean between present-day Spain and France.
The medieval state took form around the city of Pamplona during the first centuries of the Iberian Reconquista. The kingdom has its origins in the conflict in the buffer region between the Frankish king Charlemagne and the Umayyad Emirate that controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula. The city of Pamplona (Latin: Pompaelo; Basque: Iruñea), had been the main city of the indigenous Vasconic population and was located amid a predominantly Basque-speaking area. In an event traditionally dated to 824, Íñigo Arista was elected or declared ruler of the area around Pamplona in opposition to Frankish expansion into the region, originally as vassal to the Córdoba Emirate. This polity evolved into the Kingdom of Pamplona. In the 10th century the Kingdom broke its vassalage under Córdoba and start expanding militarily. A series of partitions and dynastic changes led to a diminution of its territory and to periods of rule by the kings of Aragon (1054-1134) and France (1285-1328).
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