Kiakhta
| Kyakhta (in English) Кяхта (Russian) Хяагта (Buryat) |
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 Kyakhta
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| Administrative status (as of July 2013) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Buryatia |
| Administrative district | Kyakhtinsky District |
| Town | Kyakhta |
| Administrative center of | Kyakhtinsky District, Town of Kyakhta |
| Municipal status (as of October 2014) | |
| Municipal district | Kyakhtinsky Municipal District |
| Urban settlement | Kyakhta Urban Settlement |
| Administrative center of | Kyakhtinsky Municipal District, Kyakhta Urban Settlement |
| Mayor | Valery Tsyrempilov |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 20,024 inhabitants |
| Time zone | IRKT (UTC+08:00) |
| Founded | 1728 |
| Town status since | 1805 |
| Previous names |
Kyakhta, Troitskosavsk (until 1935) |
| Postal code(s) | 671840, 671842, 671843 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 30142 |
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Kyakhta (Russian: Кя́хта; Buryat: Хяагта, Khyaagta) is a town and the administrative center of Kyakhtinsky District in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia, located on the Kyakhta River near the Mongolia–Russia border. The town stands directly opposite the Mongolian border town of Altanbulag. Population: 20,041 (2010 Census);18,391 (2002 Census);18,307 (1989 Census). From 1727 it was the border crossing for the Kyakhta trade between Russia and China.
The Buryat name means place covered with couch grass, and is derived from Mongolian word хиаг, meaning couch grass.
The region where Kyakhta stands is a natural location for Russo-Chinese trade. The Siberian River Routes connect the fur-bearing lands of Siberia to Lake Baikal. From there, the Selenga River valley is the natural route through the mountains southeast of Lake Baikal out onto the plains of Mongolia.
Kyakhta was founded in 1727 soon after the Treaty of Kyakhta was negotiated just north at Selenginsk. It was the starting point of the boundary markers that defined what is now the northern border of Mongolia. Kyakhta's founder, Serb Sava Vladislavich, established it as a trading point between Russia and the Qing Empire. The Manchus built Maimaicheng just south of Kyakhta on their side of the border. Before 1762, state caravans traveled from Kyakhta to Peking. After that date, trade was mostly by barter at Kyakhta-Maimaicheng, with merchants crossing the border to make their business.
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Wikipedia