Khwarezmshah

Khwarazmian Empire
خوارزمشاهیان Khwārazmshāhiyān
1077–1231
Khwarezmid Empire in 1217
Capital		Gurganj (1077–1212) Samarkand (1212–1220) Ghazna (1220–1221) Tabriz (1225–1231)
Languages		Persian Kipchak Turkic
Religion		Sunni Islam
Government		Oligarchy
Khwarazm-Shah or Sultan
•	1077–1096/7	Anushtigin Gharchai
•	1220–1231	Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu
Historical era		Medieval
•	Established	1077
•	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia	1218-1221
•	Battle of Yassıçemen	1230
•	Disestablished	1231
Area
•	1218 (est.)	3,600,000 km2 (1,400,000 sq mi)
Preceded by Succeeded by Great Seljuq Empire Ghurid Dynasty Mongol Empire

The Khwarazmian dynasty (IPA: [kwəˈræzmiːən]; also known as the Khwarezmid dynasty, the Anushtegin dynasty, the dynasty of Khwarazm Shahs, and other spelling variants; from (Persian: خوارزمشاهیان‎, translit. Khwārazmshāhiyān‎ "Kings of Khwarezmia") was a PersianateSunni Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin. The dynasty ruled large parts of Central Asia and Iran during the High Middle Ages, in the approximate period of 1077 to 1231, first as vassals of the Seljuqs and Qara-Khitan, and later as independent rulers, up until the Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia in the 13th century.

The dynasty was founded by commander Anush Tigin Gharchai, a former Turkish slave of the Seljuq sultans, who was appointed as governor of Khwarezm. His son, Qutb ad-Din Muhammad I, became the first hereditary Shah of Khwarezm.

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