Khanate of Crimea

Crimean Khanate
قرم خانلغى Qırım Hanlığı
Vassal of the Ottoman Empire (1478–1774)
1449–1783
Flag Coat of arms
the Crimean Khanate in 1600
Capital		Stary Krym Bakhchisaray
Languages		Turkic (Crimean Tatar, Ottoman Turkish)
Religion		Islam
Government		Hereditary monarchy
Khan
•	1449–1466	Hacı I Giray (First)
•	1777–1783	Şahin Giray (last)
History
•	Established	1449
•	Annexed by Russia	1783
Preceded by Succeeded by Golden Horde Principality of Theodoro Taurida Governorate
Today part of		Ukraine  Russia  Moldova

The Crimean Khanate (Karimia Khanate) (Mongolian: Крымын ханлиг; Crimean Tatar/Turkish: Qırım Hanlığı, Къырым Ханлыгъы قرم خانلغى or Qırım Yurtu, Къырым Юрту قرم يورتى; Russian: Крымское ханство, Krymskoje hanstvo; Ukrainian: Кримське ханство Krymśke chanstvo; Polish: Chanat Krymski) was a Turkic vassal state of the Ottoman Empire from 1478 to 1774, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1449, the Crimean khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür, thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan through marriage; Temür married one of Genghis Khan's grand daughters. The khanate was located in present-day Russia and Ukraine.

Ottoman forces under Gedik Ahmet Pasha conquered all of the Crimean peninsula and joined it to the khanate in 1475. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Crimean Khanate was an important center of the slave trade. In 1774, it was released as a nationally independent state, following the Russo-Turkish Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, and formally annexed by the Russian Empire in 1783, becoming the Taurida Governorate.