Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||||||
Russian: Казахская Советская Социалистическая Республика Kazakh: Қазақ Кеңестік Социалистік Республикасы |
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Soviet Socialist Republic (1936-91) De facto sovereign entity (1990–91) Sovereign state (1991-95) |
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Motto Барлық елдердің пролетарлары, бірігіңдер! (Kazakh) Barlıq elderdiñ proletarları, birigiñder! (transliteration) "Workers of the world, unite!" |
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Anthem Қазақ Советтiк Социалистік Республикасының мемлекеттік әнұраны Qazaq Sovettik Socïalïstik Respwblïkasınıñ memlekettik änuranı "Anthem of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic" (1936-1992) Қазақстан Республикасының Мемлекеттік Әнұраны Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Memlekettik Änuranı Anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (1992-1995) |
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Location of Kazakhstan (red) within the Soviet Union.
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Capital | Alma-Ata (Almaty from 1993) | |||||||||||
Languages |
Official languages: Kazakh · Russian Minority languages: Uzbek · Uyghur · Tatar · Kyrgyz · Azerbaijani · Korean |
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Demonym |
Kazakh Soviet |
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Government |
Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party soviet republic (1936-1990) Unitary Marxist-Leninist presidential republic (1990-1995) |
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First Secretary | ||||||||||||
• | 1936–1938 | Levon Mirzoyan | ||||||||||
• | 1990–1995 | Nursultan Nazarbayev | ||||||||||
Head of government | ||||||||||||
• | 1946–1954 | Nurtas Undasynov | ||||||||||
• | 1989–1991 | Uzakbay Karamanov | ||||||||||
History | ||||||||||||
• | Elevation to an Union Republic | 5 December 1936 | ||||||||||
• | Jeltoqsan riots | 16 December 1986 | ||||||||||
• | Sovereignty declared | 25 October 1990 | ||||||||||
• | Renamed Republic of Kazakhstan | 10 December 1991 | ||||||||||
• | Independence declared | 16 December 1991 | ||||||||||
• | Independence recognized | 26 December 1991 | ||||||||||
• | New Constitution | 30 August 1995 | ||||||||||
Area | ||||||||||||
• | 1990 | 2,717,300 km² (1,049,155 sq mi) | ||||||||||
Population | ||||||||||||
• | 1990 est. | 16,711,900 | ||||||||||
Density | 6.2 /km² (15.9 /sq mi) | |||||||||||
Calling code | +7 31/32/330/33622 | |||||||||||
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Today part of | Kazakhstan |
Kazakhstan (US i/kæzækˈstæn, ˌkɑːzɑːkˈstɑːn/, UK /ˌkæzəkˈstɑːn, -ˈstæn/;Kazakh: Қазақстан, Qazaqstan), officially the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (Kazakh SSR or KSSR; Kazakh: Қазақ Кеңестік Социалистік Республикасы, Qazaq Keñestik Socïalïstik Respwblïkası; Russian: Казахская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Kazakhskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika) and the Republic of Kazakhstan, also known by its alternative name of Soviet Kazakhstan, was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1991 and an sovereign state from 1991 to 1995 in northern Central Asia. It was created on December 5, 1936 from the Kazakh ASSR, an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR.