Kastsyukovichy
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Kastsyukovichy Касцюковічы Костюковичи |
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 Kastsyukovichy
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| Coordinates: 53°20′N 32°03′E / 53.333°N 32.050°E | ||
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Country Subdivision |
 BelarusMogilev Region |
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| Population (2009) | ||
| • Total | 15,993 | |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | |
| License plate | 6 | |
Kastsyukovichy (Belarusian: Касцюковічы; Russian: Костюковичи) is a town in Mogilev Region, Eastern Belarus. It is located in the east of the Region, close to the border with Russia, and serves as the administrative center of Kastsyukovichy Raion. As of 2009, its population was 15,993.
Kastsyukovichy was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1508. It belonged to Poland, and in 1772, as a result of the First Partition of Poland, it was transferred to Russia. In the middle of the 19th century it had a population of 1700 and was the administrative center of Kostyukovichskaya Volost of Klimovichsky Uyezd, Mogilev Governorate. In 1919, Mogilev Governorate was abolished, and Kastsyukovichy was transferred to Gomel Governorate. On July 17, 1924 the governorate was abolished, and Kastsyukovichy became the administrative center of Kastsyukovichy Raion, which belonged to Kalinin Okrug of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. In July, 1927, Kalinin Okrug was abolished, and Kastsyukovichy was transferred into Mogilev Okrug. On January 15, 1938 the raion was transferred to Mogilev Region. In 1938, Kastsyukovichy was granted the town status. During the Second World War, the town was occupied by German troops and severely damaged.
The Jewish community of the village had 1,181 members before the war. The Germans occupied the town and kept the Jews imprisoned in a ghetto. They were forced to work in the quarry-sand. In November 1941, 350 Jews were murdered in a mass execution in the Orthodox cemetery perpetrated by an Einsatzgruppen. On September 3, 1942, the Jews were brought outside of the town when the Germans shot them in groups of 50 into pits. Before being shot, the Jews were forced to undress, and policemen and Germans collected their valuables. In March 1943, another 161 Jews were shot near the rope factory. On April 14 and 15, 1943, policemen from the town shot another 14 Jews.
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