Juscelino Kubitscheck
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His Excellency Juscelino Kubitschek |
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| 21st President of Brazil | |
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In office 31 January 1956 – 31 January 1961 |
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| Vice President | João Goulart |
| Preceded by | Nereu Ramos |
| Succeeded by | Jânio Quadros |
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Member of the Federal Senate from Goiás |
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In office 4 October 1961 – 8 June 1964 |
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| Preceded by | Taciano Melo |
| Succeeded by | João Abraão |
| 22nd Governor of Minas Gerais | |
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In office 31 January 1951 – 31 March 1955 |
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| Vice Governor | Clóvis Salgado |
| Preceded by | Milton Campos |
| Succeeded by | Clóvis Salgado |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
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In office 1 February 1946 – 30 January 1951 |
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| Constituency | Minas Gerais |
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In office 3 May 1935 – 10 November 1937 |
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| Constituency | Minas Gerais |
| Member of the Constituent Assembly | |
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In office 1 February 1946 – 18 September 1946 |
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| Constituency | Minas Gerais |
| 23rd Mayor of Belo Horizonte | |
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In office 23 October 1940 – 30 October 1945 |
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| Nominated by | Benedito Valadares |
| Preceded by | José de Araújo |
| Succeeded by | João Gusmán |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira December 9, 1902 Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| Died | August 22, 1976 (aged 73) Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Resting place | JK Memorial Brasilia, Brazil |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Political party | (PSD) Social Democratic Party |
| Spouse(s) | Sarah Lemos (1909-1996) |
| Children | Márcia Kubitschek Maria Estela Kubitschek |
| Alma mater | UFMG |
| Profession | Physician, politician |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuseˈlinu kubiˈtʃɛk dʒi oliˈvejɾɐ]; September 12, 1902 – August 22, 1976), known also by his initials JK, was a prominent Brazilian politician who served as the 21st President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961. His term was marked by economic prosperity and political stability, being most known for the construction of a new capital, Brasília.
A leader who favored long-term planning and who set high goals for Brazil's future, Kubitschek is viewed inside the country as the father of modern Brazil. He stands among the politicians whose legacy is held most favorably, and was highly respected by the people.
Kubitschek was born into a poor family in Diamantina, Minas Gerais. His father, João César de Oliveira (1872–1905), who died when Juscelino was two years old, was a traveling salesman. He was raised by his mother, a schoolteacher named Júlia Kubitschek (1873–1973), of Czech origin.
An excellent student, Kubitschek was trained as a medical doctor and elected to the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil from his home state in 1934. With the imposition of Getúlio Vargas' dictatorship in 1937, Kubitschek returned to practicing medicine. However, he was soon appointed mayor of Belo Horizonte in 1940. There, he realized the project of an artificial lake (Pampulha Lake) to supply water to the city and also an architectural complex, with several buildings designed by renowned architect Oscar Niemeyer.
He was again elected to the National Congress of Brazil in 1945 and became governor of the state of Minas Gerais in 1950. In 1955, he ran for president with the slogan "fifty years of progress in five" and won.
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