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Jânio Quadros

His Excellency
Jânio Quadros
Janio Quadros.png
22nd President of Brazil
In office
January 31, 1961 – August 25, 1961
Vice President João Goulart
Preceded by Juscelino Kubitschek
Succeeded by Ranieri Mazzilli
24th and 36th Mayor of São Paulo
In office
January 1, 1986 – January 1, 1989
Preceded by Mário Covas
Succeeded by Luiza Erundina
In office
January 17, 1955 – January 31, 1955
Preceded by Porfírio da Paz (ex officio)
Succeeded by William Salem
In office
April 8, 1953 – July 7, 1954
Preceded by Armando de Arruda Pereira
Succeeded by Porfírio da Paz (ex officio)
18th Governor of São Paulo
In office
January 31, 1955 – January 31, 1959
Vice Governor Erlindo Salzano
Preceded by Lucas Nogueira Garcez
Succeeded by Carvalho Pinto
Personal details
Born Jânio da Silva Quadros
(1917-01-25)January 25, 1917
Campo Grande, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Died February 16, 1992(1992-02-16) (aged 75)
São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Nationality Brazilian
Political party PDC (1947–1960)
PTN (1960–1961)
PMDB (1980–1980)
PTB (1980–1986)
Independent (1986–1989)
PSD (1989–1989)
Independent (1989–1992)

Jânio da Silva Quadros (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒɐ̃niu dɐ ˈsiwvɐ ˈkwadɾus]; January 25, 1917 – February 16, 1992) was a Brazilian politician who served as 22nd President of Brazil from 31 January to 25 August 1961, when he resigned from office.

Quadros was born in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. His meteoric career can be attributed to his widespread use of populist rhetoric and his extravagant behavior. He became mayor of the city of São Paulo in 1953 and governor of the state of São Paulo just two years later, in 1955. He was elected president of Brazil by a landslide in 1960, heading a coalition of his National Labour Party (PTN), the Christian Democratic Party and the largest opposition party, the National Democratic Union. His 15.6 percent margin of victory would be the largest margin for a presidential election held by popular vote until Fernando Henrique Cardoso won by 27 points in 1994. When he took office on January 31, 1961; it was the first time since Brazil became a republic in 1889 that an incumbent government peacefully transferred power to an elected member of the opposition. It was also the first time in 31 years that the presidency was not held by an heir to the legacy of Getúlio Vargas.

Quadros laid the blame for the country's high rate of inflation on his predecessor, Juscelino Kubitschek. As president, Quadros outlawed gambling, banned women from wearing bikinis on the beach, and established relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba, trying to achieve a neutralist international policy. The re-establishment of relations with the Socialist Bloc in the middle of the Cold War cost him the support of the UDN in Congress, so that he was left with no real power.


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