Julian Scherner
| Julian Scherner | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
Julian Scherner (centre), with Karl Hermann Frank (left), and Otto von Oelhafen (right)
|
|
| Born |
23 September 1895 Bagamoyo, German East Africa |
| Died | 28 April 1945 (aged 49) Niepołomice, Poland |
| Allegiance |
 German Empire (to 1918) Weimar Republic (to 1922) Nazi Germany
|
| Service/branch |
 Waffen-SS
|
| Years of service | 1932–1945 |
| Rank |
 SS-Oberführer (Senior Colonel) |
| Commands held |
SS-Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 11 Reinhard Heydrich SS-Truppenübungsplatz Böhmen SS and Police Leader of Kraków |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards |
Iron Cross, 2nd class War Merit Cross First Class with Swords War Merit Cross Second Class with Swords Wound Badge Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 |
Julian Scherner (September 23, 1895 – April 28, 1945) was a Nazi Party official who served in the SS as an SS-Oberführer (senior colonel). Scherner is most notorious for his career as SS and Police Leader of Kraków, Poland.
Born in colonial Bagamoyo, German East Africa, Scherner attended a Kadettenschule or military cadet school in Imperial Germany from 1905 to 1914. In 1914, he joined the Reichsheer or Imperial army. After retiring from the military in 1920, he joined the Freikorps Oberland, and in 1923 he took part in the Hitler-Ludendorff Putsch. In 1932 he joined the SS and the Nazi Party. In 1937, he became head of the Dachau SS-Führerschule or SS officers school. From September 1939 to 11 November 1939 he was regimental commander of the SS-Gebirgsjäger-Regiment 11 "Reinhard Heydrich". From summer to the winter of 1940, he was commander of the 8 Totenkopf-Standarte. As an SS garrison commander of Prague, between January to September 1941 Scherner supervised preparations for the establishment of a Waffen-SS training area at Beneschau, Bohemia.
On 4 August 1941, Scherner was appointed SS- und Polizeiführer (SS and Police Leader) in Nazi occupied Kraków. As such, he was responsible for the deportations to the Bełżec extermination camp, the mass shootings in Tarnów and all 'evacuations' that took place during his time there - including Aktion Krakau. He liquidated Kraków Ghetto by deporting its inhabitants to Auschwitz.
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