Joseph Gurney Cannon
| Joseph Gurney Cannon | |
|---|---|
 |
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| 35th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives | |
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In office November 9, 1903 – March 4, 1911 |
|
| President |
Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft |
| Preceded by | David B. Henderson |
| Succeeded by | Champ Clark |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois |
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In office March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1891 March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1913 March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1923 |
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| Preceded by | District created Samuel T. Busey Frank T. O'Hair |
| Succeeded by |
Samuel T. Busey Frank T. O'Hair William P. Holaday |
| Constituency |
14th district (1873–83) 15th district (1883–91) 15th district (1893–95) 12th district (1895–1903) 18th district (1903–13) 18th district (1915–23) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 7, 1836 Guilford County, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Died | November 12, 1926 (aged 90) Danville, Illinois, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Mary P. Cannon (née Reed) |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | University of Cincinnati |
| Profession | Law |
Joseph Gurney Cannon (May 7, 1836 – November 12, 1926) was a United States politician from Illinois and leader of the Republican Party. Cannon served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1911, and many consider him to be the most dominant Speaker in United States history, with such control over the House that he could often control debate. Cannon is the second-longest continuously serving Republican Speaker in history, having been surpassed by fellow Illinoisan Dennis Hastert, who passed him on June 1, 2006. Cannon is also the longest serving Republican Representative ever, as well as first member of congress, of either party, ever to surpass 40 years of service (non-consecutive). His congressional career spanned 46 years of cumulative service—a record that was not broken until 1959. Although technically the second-longest serving Republican member of Congress ever (behind Strom Thurmond), he was the longest-serving Republican to never change his party affiliation (as Thurmond switched from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party in 1964). Cannon also has the distinction of being the subject of the first Time cover ever, dated March 3, 1923.
Cannon was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, and in 1840 moved with his parents to Annapolis, Indiana, about 30 miles north of Terre Haute. He was the elder of two sons of Gulielma (née Hollingsworth) and Horace Franklin Cannon, a country doctor. Horace Cannon drowned on August 7, 1851 when Joseph was fifteen years old as he tried to reach a sick patient by crossing Sugar Creek. Young Cannon took charge of the family farm. His brother William would become a successful banker and realtor.
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