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Joseph G. Cannon

Joseph Gurney Cannon
JGCannon.jpg
35th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
In office
November 9, 1903 – March 4, 1911
President Theodore Roosevelt
William Howard Taft
Preceded by David B. Henderson
Succeeded by Champ Clark
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois
In office
March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1891
March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1913
March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1923
Preceded by District created
Samuel T. Busey
Frank T. O'Hair
Succeeded by Samuel T. Busey
Frank T. O'Hair
William P. Holaday
Constituency 14th district (1873–83)
15th district (1883–91)
15th district (1893–95)
12th district (1895–1903)
18th district (1903–13)
18th district (1915–23)
Personal details
Born May 7, 1836
Guilford County, North Carolina, U.S.
Died November 12, 1926 (aged 90)
Danville, Illinois, U.S.
Nationality American
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Mary P. Cannon (née Reed)
Children 2
Alma mater University of Cincinnati
Profession Law

Joseph Gurney Cannon (May 7, 1836 – November 12, 1926) was a United States politician from Illinois and leader of the Republican Party. Cannon served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1911, and many consider him to be the most dominant Speaker in United States history, with such control over the House that he could often control debate. Cannon is the second-longest continuously serving Republican Speaker in history, having been surpassed by fellow Illinoisan Dennis Hastert, who passed him on June 1, 2006. Cannon is also the longest serving Republican Representative ever, as well as first member of congress, of either party, ever to surpass 40 years of service (non-consecutive). His congressional career spanned 46 years of cumulative service—a record that was not broken until 1959. Although technically the second-longest serving Republican member of Congress ever (behind Strom Thurmond), he was the longest-serving Republican to never change his party affiliation (as Thurmond switched from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party in 1964). Cannon also has the distinction of being the subject of the first Time cover ever, dated March 3, 1923.

Cannon was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, and in 1840 moved with his parents to Annapolis, Indiana, about 30 miles north of Terre Haute. He was the elder of two sons of Gulielma (née Hollingsworth) and Horace Franklin Cannon, a country doctor. Horace Cannon drowned on August 7, 1851 when Joseph was fifteen years old as he tried to reach a sick patient by crossing Sugar Creek. Young Cannon took charge of the family farm. His brother William would become a successful banker and realtor.


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