José Maria de Eça de Queiroz
| José Maria de Eça de Queirós | |
|---|---|
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| Born |
25 November 1845 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal |
| Died | 16 August 1900 (aged 54) Paris, France |
| Occupation | Novelist/Consul |
| Nationality | Portuguese |
| Literary movement | Realism, Romanticism |
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José Maria de Eça de Queiroz (European Portuguese: [ʒuˈzɛ mɐˈɾiɐ dɨ ˈɛsɐ dɨ kejˈɾɔʃ]; 25 November 1845 – 16 August 1900) is generally considered to be the greatest Portuguese writer in the realist style.Zola considered him to be far greater than Flaubert. The London Observer critics rank him with Dickens, Balzac and Tolstoy. During his lifetime, the spelling was "Eça de Queiroz" and this is the form that appears on many editions of his works; the modern standard Portuguese spelling is "Eça de Queirós".
Eça de Queirós was born in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, in 1845. An illegitimate child, he was officially recorded as the son of José Maria de Almeida Teixeira de Queirós and Carolina Augusta Pereira d'Eça.
At age 16, he went to Coimbra to study law at the University of Coimbra; there he met the poet Antero de Quental. Eça's first work was a series of prose poems, published in the Gazeta de Portugal magazine, which eventually appeared in book form in a posthumous collection edited by Batalha Reis entitled Prosas Bárbaras ("Barbarous texts"). He worked as a journalist at Évora, then returned to Lisbon and, with his former school friend Ramalho Ortigão and others, created the Correspondence of the fictional adventurer Fradique Mendes. This amusing work was first published in 1900.
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