Johnson South Reef
| Disputed island Other names: Chigua Reef, Yongshu reef, Gạc Ma Reef, Mabini reef |
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| Geography | |
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| Location | South China Sea |
| Coordinates | 9°42′54″N 114°17′13″E / 9.715°N 114.287°ECoordinates: 9°42′54″N 114°17′13″E / 9.715°N 114.287°E |
| Archipelago | Spratly Islands |
| Administered by | |
| People's Republic of China | |
| Claimed by | |
| People's Republic of China | |
| Vietnam | |
Johnson South Reef (Chinese: 赤瓜礁; pinyin: Chìguā Jiāo; Vietnamese: Đá Gạc Ma), also known as Chigua Reef in China, Gạc Ma Reef in Vietnam and Mabini reef in Philippines is a reef in the southwest portion of Union Banks, in the Spratly Islands of the South China Sea. It is controlled by the People's Republic of China (PRC), but its ownership is disputed by the Philippines, Brunei, Taiwan, and Vietnam.
Johnson South Reef lies adjacent to the Vietnamese-controlled Collins Reef (also known as Johnson North Reef) which lies 6.4 kilometres (4.0 mi) to the northwest. It is naturally above water only at low tide. It houses a number of small buildings, wharves and a fortified Chinese maritime observation station.
On 12 July 2016, the tribunal of the Permanent Court of Arbitration concluded that Johnson Reef contains, within the meaning of Article 121(1) of the Convention, naturally formed areas of land, surrounded by water, which are above water at high tide. However, for purposes of Article 121(3) of the Convention, the high-tide features at Johnson Reef is rocks that cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own and accordingly shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf.
Johnson South Reef is currently occupied by the People's Republic of China and claimed by Vietnam. It was the site of the 1988 Johnson South Reef Skirmish between the PRC and Vietnam that resulted in the death of 64 Vietnamese soldiers, two Vietnamese boats being sunk and the Chinese occupying the reef.
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