John Quillin Tilson (April 5, 1866 – August 14, 1958) was an American politician. A Republican, he represented Connecticut in the United States House of Representatives for almost 22 years and was House Majority leader for 6 years.
Tilson was born in Clearbranch, Unicoi County, Tennessee, on April 5, 1866. He attended both public and private schools in nearby Flag Pond and later at Mars Hill, North Carolina. He went to college at Carson-Newman College, in Jefferson City, Tennessee, where he graduated in 1888. Later he enrolled at Yale Law School, where he graduated in 1893. He was admitted to the bar in 1897 and started to practice in New Haven, Connecticut.
In 1898, when the Spanish–American War broke out, he enlisted and served as a second lieutenant in the Sixth Regiment, United States Volunteer Infantry.
In 1904, Tilson was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives, where he served until 1908, the last two years as speaker. He was later elected to United States House of Representatives, serving from 1909 to 1913; he ran unsuccessfully for reelection in 1912.
Tilson ran for election again, and was again reelected to the House of Representatives. He served from March 4, 1915, until his resignation on December 3, 1932. He was the Majority Leader for the 69th Congress, 70th Congress, and the 71st Congress. He became a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1932.