Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion)

Jewish Communist Party המפלגה היהודית קומוניסטית‎
Founded	1919
Dissolved	1922
Youth wing	Jewish Communist Youth Union
Ideology	communism
Political position	Far-left

This article is about a party in Russia. For the party in Palestine see Socialist Workers Party (Palestine)

Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion) (Russian: Еврейская коммунистическая партия (Поалей-Цион), Evreĭskaia kommunisticheskaia partiia (Poaleĭ-Tsion), abbreviated EKP) was a political party in Russia 1919-1922. The party was formed at a conference of communist dissident fractions of the Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion), held in Gomel August 10-15, 1919. Members of the party were nick-named 'EKOP-ists'. It was affiliated to the Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion).

EKP argued in favour of a merger with the Bund, to form a Jewish section of the Communist International. The proposed Jewish Comintern section would work under the aegis of the national communist party in each country, apart from Palestine. EKP was fiercely opposed to the Yevsektsiya, the Jewish Section of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks).

The II All-Russian conference of the EKP was held in July 1920 in Kharkov. The IV Congress of was held in August 1921 and the III All-Russian conference was held 1-2 December 1922 in Moscow.

The party was represented in the Council for Propaganda and Action of the Peoples of the East of the Communist International through Zajma Ostrovsky, who participated in the 1920 Congress of the Peoples of the East, held in Baku, Azerbaijan (part of Soviet Russia).

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