James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault
| James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault and 2nd Earl of Arran | |
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| Born |
James Hamilton circa 1516 |
| Died | 22 January 1575 (aged 59) |
| Title |
Duke of Châtellerault 2nd Earl of Arran |
| Predecessor | James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran |
| Successor | James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Margaret Douglas |
| Children |
James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran |
| Parent(s) | James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran |
| Relatives | Mary of Scotland, paternal grandmother |
James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
Lady Anne Hamilton, Countess of Huntly
Lady Jean Hamilton
Lady Barbara Hamilton
John Hamilton
Gawain Hamilton
Lady Elizabeth
David Hamilton
James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault and 2nd Earl of Arran (c. 1516 – 22 January 1575), was a regent for Mary, Queen of Scots.
James Hamilton was the eldest legitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran. Through his paternal grandmother Mary, Hamilton was the great-grandson of James II of Scotland. On the death of John Stewart, Duke of Albany, in 1536, Arran became the next heir of the Kingdom of Scotland after the king's descendants.
The children of the immediate royal family proved to be short-lived, so on the death of James V of Scotland in 1542 the Earl of Arran stood next in line to the Scottish throne after the king's six-day-old newborn baby daughter Mary, Queen of Scots, for whom he was appointed regent. In 1543, supporters of Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, challenged Arran's claim and legitimacy by suggesting that his father's divorce and second marriage were invalid.
Initially a Protestant and a member of the pro-English party, in 1543 he was involved in negotiating the marriage of the Queen of Scots to the infant Prince of Wales (the future Edward VI of England). Cardinal Beaton, who favoured the Auld Alliance, was imprisoned at Dalkeith Palace and then Blackness Castle. Henry VIII of England doubted Arran's commitment to English policy and wanted him deposed. On 18 March 1543, Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich, brother of the Earl of Angus, told the English ambassador, Ralph Sadler, that;
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