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Italian Fascist Party

National Fascist Party
Partito Nazionale Fascista
Duce and founder Benito Mussolini
Historical secretaries See list
Founded 9 November 1921
Dissolved 27 July 1943
Merger of Italian Fasci of Combat,
Italian Nationalist Association
Succeeded by Republican Fascist Party
Headquarters Palazzo della Farnesina
Via della Lungara, 230
Rome, Italy
Newspaper Il Popolo d'Italia
Student wing Gruppi Universitari Fascisti
Youth wing Opera Nazionale Balilla
Gioventù Italiana del Littorio
Paramilitary wing Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale
Trade Union wing Opera Nazionale Dopolavoro
Confederazione Generale del Lavoro
Membership  (1939) 6,000,000
Ideology Italian Fascism
Political position Far-right
National affiliation National Blocs (1921)
National List (1924)
Colors      Black
Slogan "Credere, Obbedire, Combattere"
("Believe, Obey, Fight")
Anthem Giovinezza
Party flag
Flag of the National Fascist Party (PNF).svg

The National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) was an Italian political party, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of fascism (previously represented by groups known as Fasci). The party ruled Italy from 1922 when Fascists took power with the March on Rome, to 1943, when Mussolini was deposed by the Grand Council of Fascism.

Preceding the PNF, Mussolini's first established political party was known as the "Fascist Revolutionary Party" (Partito Fascista Rivoluzionario, PFR), which was, according to Mussolini, founded in 1915. After poor November 1919 election results, the PFR was eventually renamed the National Fascist Party in 1921.

The National Fascist Party was rooted in Italian nationalism and the desire to restore and expand Italian territories, which Italian Fascists deemed necessary for a nation to assert its superiority and strength and to avoid succumbing to decay. Italian Fascists claimed that modern Italy is the heir to ancient Rome and its legacy, and historically supported the creation of an Italian Empire to provide spazio vitale ("living space") for colonization by Italian settlers and to establish control over the Mediterranean Sea.

Fascists promoted a corporatist economic system whereby employer and employee syndicates are linked together in associations to collectively represent the nation's economic producers and work alongside the state to set national economic policy. This economic system intended to resolve class conflict through collaboration between the classes.


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