Israeli–Lebanese conflict

Part of Arab–Israeli conflict and Iran–Israel proxy conflict

Israel and Lebanon (regional map)

Date	14 May 1948 – ongoing (68 years, 9 months, 3 weeks and 5 days) Main phase 1970–2006
Location	Israel and Lebanon
Status	General Cease-fire since the 2006 Lebanon War

Belligerents

Lebanon

Syria

PLO (1968–1982)

Israel
Free Lebanon State (1978–1984)
Ally militias:

SLA (1984–2000)
Tigers Militia (1975–1980)
Guardians of the Cedars (1975–1990)
Other Maronite Militias

Casualties and losses

1,900 killed Lebanese factions
11,000 killed Palestinian factions
1,000 Lebanese killed
5,000–8,000 civilians killed

Lebanese sources: 15,000–20,000 killed, mostly civilians

1,400 killed IDF
954–1,456 killed SLA
191+ killed Israeli civilians

Lebanon

Israel
Free Lebanon State (1978–1984)
Ally militias:

1,900 killed Lebanese factions
11,000 killed Palestinian factions
1,000 Lebanese killed
5,000–8,000 civilians killed

The Israeli–Lebanese conflict, widely referred as the South Lebanon conflict, describes a series of related military clashes involving Israel, Lebanon and Syria, the Palestine Liberation Organization, as well as various non-state militias acting from within Lebanon.

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) recruited militants in Lebanon from among the families of Palestinian refugees who had been expelled or fled due to the creation of Israel in 1948. After the PLO leadership and its Fatah brigade were expelled from Jordan for fomenting a revolt, they entered Lebanon and the cross-border violence increased. Meanwhile, demographic tensions over the Lebanese National Pact led to the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). Israel's 1978 invasion of Lebanon pushed the PLO north of the Litani River, but the PLO continued their campaign against Israel. Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982 and forcibly expelled the PLO. Israel withdrew from most of Lebanon in 1985, but kept control of a 12-milesecurity buffer zone, held with the aid of proxy militants in the South Lebanon Army (SLA). In 1985, Hezbollah, a Lebanese Shia radical movement sponsored by Iran, called for armed struggle to end the Israeli occupation of Lebanese territory. When the Lebanese civil war ended and other warring factions agreed to disarm, Hezbollah and the SLA refused. Combat with Hezbollah weakened Israeli resolve and led to a collapse of the SLA and an Israeli withdrawal in 2000 to their side of the UN designated border. Citing Israeli control of the Shebaa farms territory, Hezbollah continued cross border attacks intermittently over the next six years. Hezbollah now sought the release of Lebanese citizens in Israeli prisons and successfully used the tactic of capturing Israeli soldiers as leverage for a prisoner exchange in 2004. The capturing of two Israeli soldiers by Hezbollah ignited the 2006 Lebanon War. Its ceasefire called for the disarmament of Hezbollah and the respecting of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Lebanon by Israel.

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Wikipedia