Iraqi Australian
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (80,000 (by ancestry, 2011)) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Brisbane | |
| Languages | |
| English, Iraqi Arabic, Kurdish, Neo-Aramaic, Turkmen | |
| Religion | |
| Either Islam (Shia and Sunni) or Syriac Christianity, with minorities who follow Judaism, Mandaeism, Yazdânism and Yazidis | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Iraqi Americans |
Iraqi Australians are Australian citizens who identify themselves to be Iraqi descent. Since the 1991 Gulf War, thousands of Iraqis have found refuge in Australia. The total of population is estimated to be as high as 80,000. Australia's Iraqi-born population includes Arabs, Kurds, Assyrians, Armenians, Mandeans, Turkmens and Jews.
The first year in which the Australian Census of Population and Housing recorded the Iraq-born separately was 1976, when the population was 2,273. By 1986, the population had risen to 4,516. By the end of the Gulf War in 1991, it numbered 5,186, mainly in New South Wales and Victoria.
Many recent arrivals have entered Australia under the Humanitarian programme. The Gulf War and the quelling of uprisings of the Shi'a and the Kurds in Iraq resulted in a large increase in the number of Iraqis coming to Australia after 1991. There were 24,760 Iraq-born people in Australia at the 2001 Census, making up 0.6 per cent of the overseas-born population.
Iraqi-born Victorians were first identified in the Victorian census in 1976, when 189 people were recorded. Within five years the community had almost tripled to 408, and by 1991 had increased to 603. Most Iraqis had escaped hardships caused by the eight-year Iran-Iraq war, which ended in 1988.
The outbreak of the Gulf War in 1991 led a large number of people to flee Iraq into the neighbouring countries. Some refugees lived in processing camps for up to five years before being accepted into Australia under the Special Humanitarian Program. During this period the visas of around 400 Iraqis living in Australia were extended until the end of the Gulf War.
Iraqi immigration to Australia peaked between 1992 and 1995, with the Iraq-born population in Victoria increasing to 3,492 by 1996. By 2001 this community had increased a further 74% to 6,091 people. Most recent Iraqi immigrants have arrived under the Family and Skilled Migration categories. Some Iraqis have sought refugee status after arrival in Australia, and have been detained pending processing.
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