Huang Tingjian
| Huang Tingjian | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 黃庭堅 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 黄庭坚 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Huáng Tíngjiān |
| Wade–Giles | Huang T'ing-chien |
Huang Tingjian (simplified Chinese: 黄庭坚; traditional Chinese: 黃庭堅; Wade–Giles: Huang T'ing-chien; 1045–1105) was a Chinese artist, scholar, government official, and poet of the Song dynasty. He is predominantly known as a calligrapher, and is also admired for his painting and poetry. He was one of the Four Masters of the Song Dynasty（Chinese: 宋四家）, and was a younger friend of Su Shi （simplified Chinese: 苏轼; traditional Chinese: 蘇軾）and influenced by his and his friends' practice of literati painting（simplified Chinese: 文人画; traditional Chinese: 文人畫）, calligraphy, and poetry.
Huang Tingjian was born into the prominent Huang clan, which had established residence in Jiangnan, south of the Yangzi River（長江）, just across the river gorge from the main turmoils and troubles of the Five Dynasties（五代） period. Tingjian's great-great-grandfather had then and there established a great library, together with an educational system. Achievement of the jinshi （進士）degree was a common attainment for men of the Huang clan. Huang Tingjian's mother, Lady Li（李氏）, was an accomplished painter of bamboo and player of the guqin（古琴）. His father, Huang Shu (黄庶，1018-1058) received his jinshi in 1042, and introduced his son Huang Tingjian to the works of Du Fu（杜甫） and Han Yu（韓愈）, before dying when Tingjian was 13 years old, at which point Huang Tingjian left his hometown of Fenning (分寧，in modern Jiangxi 江西).
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