Hu Songshan
| Imam Hu Songshan | |
|---|---|
| 虎嵩山阿訇 | |
 |
|
| Religion | Yihewani Hanafi Sunni islam |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1880 Tongxin County, Ningxia, China |
| Died | 1955 China |
| Senior posting | |
| Based in | Ningxia, China |
| Title | Ahong |
| Period in office | 1927–1955 |
| Religious career | |
| Post | Imam and scholar of the Yihewani, scripturalist, theologian. |
| Hu Songshan | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 虎嵩山 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 虎嵩山 | ||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Hǔ Sōngshān |
| other Mandarin | |
| Xiao'erjing | ﺧُﻮْ ﺻْﻮ شً |
Hu Songshan (1880–1955), a Hui, was born in 1880, in Tongxin County, Ningxia, China. His Muslim name in Arabic was Sa'd al-Din (Arabic: سعد الدين Sa'd ad-Dīn; simplified Chinese: 赛尔敦丁; traditional Chinese: 賽爾敦丁; pinyin: sài ěr dūn dīng). Although he was born Sufi and turned Wahhabi, he changed his views and turned his back on Wahhabism after a Hajj to Mecca and later became an important imam, scripturalist, and leader of the Yihewani Muslim sect in China. He was influential and played an important role in Chinese Islam in this position as he propagated reformist doctrines in Ningxia in his later life. Hu also played a role in rallying Muslims against the Japanese invasion of China.
Hu's father was a Gansu ahong (imam) belonging to the Khafiya menhuan, a Chinese-style Naqshbandi Sufi order. When Hu Songshan was 18, he joined Wang Naibi of Haicheng. At age 21, he became imam of the anti-Sufi Yihewani (Ikhwan in Arabic) sect, which was founded by the Wahhabi Ma Wanfu. Hu opposed wasteful rituals and cash payments for religious services, which Sufi orders practiced. Being a member of the Yihewani, he was so against Sufism and the menhuan to the point where he destroyed his own father's gongbei (a Hui Islamic shrine centered around a Sufi master's grave) built at Tongxin.
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